Fitness attenuates the prevalence of increased coronary artery calcium in individuals with metabolic syndrome

Ekblom-Bak, Elin; Ekblom, Örjan; Fagman, Erika; Angerås, Oskar; Schmidt, Caroline; Rosengren, Annika; Börjesson, Mats; Bergström, Göran

doi:10.1177/2047487317745177

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…However, the findings from Bernaards et al [23] were not consistent with ours, potentially due to differences in assessments of fitness and methodology. Cardiorespiratory fitness has previously been found to be a stronger predictor for ill health compared with objectively assessed physical activity [46,47], which our results support.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Device-Measured Sedentary Behaviour are Associated with Sickness Absence in Office Workers

Drake

Ekblom

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Physical activity reduces the risk of several noncommunicable diseases, and a number of studies have found self-reported physical activity to be associated with sickness absence. The aim of this study was to examine if cardiorespiratory fitness, device-measured physical activity, and sedentary behaviour were associated with sickness absence among office workers. Participants were recruited from two Swedish companies. Data on sickness absence (frequency and duration) and covariates were collected via questionnaires. Physical activity pattern was assessed using ActiGraph and activPAL, and fitness was estimated from submaximal cycle ergometry. The sample consisted of 159 office workers (67% women, aged 43 ± 8 years). Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly associated with a lower odds ratio (OR) for both sickness absence duration (OR = 0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.87–0.96) and frequency (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.90–0.97). Sedentary time was positively associated with higher odds of sickness absence frequency (OR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.99–1.08). No associations were found for physical activity at any intensity level and sickness absence. Higher sickness absence was found among office workers with low cardiorespiratory fitness and more daily time spent sedentary. In contrast to reports using self-reported physical activity, device-measured physical activity was not associated with sickness absence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Device-Measured Sedentary Behaviour are Associated with Sickness Absence in Office Workers

Drake

Ekblom

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…28 Coronary artery calcium, an independent predictor of coronary artery disease, was cross-sectionally studied among 678 middle-aged Swedes (52% women). 13 Among participants with moderate-high fitness (estimated by cycle ergometer test) the odds of having a high coronary artery calcium score was halved, compared to those with low fitness. Furthermore, MetS individuals had 47% higher odds for high coronary artery calcium score compared with those without MetS -however, moderate-high fitness seemed to partially attenuate this risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Moreover, data from a few large population-based samples indicate that active participants with clustered CVD risk factors have similar risks of CVD and all-cause mortality to active participants without risk factors. [10][11][12][13] In individuals with impaired glucose tolerance, a combined intervention of increased PA and improved eating habits reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes, CVD and total mortality after 30 years. 14 However, the aforementioned studies are mainly targeting exercise i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity attenuates cardiovascular risk and mortality in men and women with and without the metabolic syndrome – a 20-year follow-up of a population-based cohort of 60-year-olds

Ekblom-Bak

Halldin

Vikström

et al. 2020

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

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Aims The purpose of this study was to analyse the association of leisure-time physical activity of different intensities at baseline, and cardiovascular disease incidence, cardiovascular disease mortality and all-cause mortality in a population-based sample of 60-year-old men and women with and without established metabolic syndrome, for more than 20 years of follow-up. A secondary aim was to study which cardiometabolic factors may mediate the association between physical activity and long-term outcomes. Methods A total of 3693 participants (53% women) underwent physical examination and laboratory tests, completed an extensive questionnaire at baseline 1997–1999 and were followed until their death or until 31 December 2017. First-time cardiovascular disease events and death from any cause were ascertained through regular examinations of national registers. Results Metabolic syndrome prevalence was 23.0%. In metabolic syndrome participants, light physical activity attenuated cardiovascular disease incidence (hazard ratio = 0.71; 95% confidence interval 0.50–1.00) compared to sedentary (reference) after multi-adjustment. Moderate/high physical activity was inversely associated with both cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, but became non-significant after multi-adjustment. Sedentary non-metabolic syndrome participants had lower cardiovascular disease incidence (0.47; 0.31–0.72) but not significantly different cardiovascular disease (0.61; 0.31–1.19) and all-cause mortality (0.92; 0.64–1.34) compared to sedentary metabolic syndrome participants. Both light and moderate/high physical activity were inversely associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in non-metabolic syndrome participants ( p<0.05). There were significant variations in several central cardiometabolic risk factors with physical activity level in non-metabolic syndrome participants. Fibrinogen mediated the protective effects of physical activity in non-metabolic syndrome participants. Conclusion Physical activity of different intensities attenuated cardiovascular risk and mortality in 60-year old men and women with metabolic syndrome during a 20-year follow-up.

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“…32 A recent study showed that physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of having significant coronary artery calcium in individuals with metabolic syndrome. 33 We found that the prevalence of active transport to work in England was low, but contest, therefore, that the potential to increase its uptake is great. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 with MI was removed by local level estimates of smoking, diabetes and physical activity.…”

Section: Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…An increased prevalence of walking to work was associated with a reduced incidence of MI in men aged [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] In this national ecological study of over 40 million employed inhabitants of England aged 25-74 years of whom about 5 million were active transporters, the prevalence of walking to work was higher for women than men, and the prevalence of cycling to work was higher for men than women. In areas with increased levels of women walking and men cycling to work in 2011, the incidence of MI was reduced by 1.7% for women and men in 2012.…”

Section: Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of prevalence of active transport to work and incidence of myocardial infarction: A nationwide ecological study

Munyombwe

Lovelace

Green

et al. 2019

Eur J Prev Cardiolog

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Background: There is a paucity of population-based geospatial data about the association between active transport and myocardial infarction (MI). We investigated the association between active transport to work and incidence of MI. Design: This ecological study of 325 local authorities in England included 43,077,039 employed individuals aged 25-74 years (UK Census, 2011), and 117,521 individuals with MI (Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project, 2011-2013).Methods: Bayesian negative binomial regression models were used to investigate the association of active transport to work and incidence of MI adjusting for local levels of deprivation, obesity, smoking, diabetes, and physical activity. Results:In 2011, the prevalence of active transportation to work for people in employment in England aged 25-74 years was 11.4% (4,531,182 active transporters; 8.6% walking and 2.8% cycling). Active transport in 2011 was associated with a reduced incidence of MI in 2012 amongst men cycling to work (incidence rate ratio (95% credible interval) 0.983 (0.967 to 0.999); and women walking to work (0.983 (0.967 to 0.999)) after full adjustments. However, the prevalence of active transport for men and women was not significantly associated with the combined incidence of MI between 2011 and 2013 after adjusting for physical activity, smoking and diabetes. Conclusions:In England, the prevalence of active transportation was associated with a reduced incidence of MI for women walking and men cycling to work in corresponding local geographic areas. The overall association of active transport with MI was, however, explained by local area levels of smoking, diabetes and physical activity.

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Fitness attenuates the prevalence of increased coronary artery calcium in individuals with metabolic syndrome

Abstract: Fitness attenuates the prevalence of increased coronary artery calcium in individuals with metabolic syndrome.

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Device-Measured Sedentary Behaviour are Associated with Sickness Absence in Office Workers

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Device-Measured Sedentary Behaviour are Associated with Sickness Absence in Office Workers

Physical activity attenuates cardiovascular risk and mortality in men and women with and without the metabolic syndrome – a 20-year follow-up of a population-based cohort of 60-year-olds

Association of prevalence of active transport to work and incidence of myocardial infarction: A nationwide ecological study

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