Fit and fat from enlarged badges: a field experiment on male sand lizards

Anderholm, Sofia; Olsson, Mats; Wapstra, Erik; Ryberg, Karin

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2003.0094

Cited by 36 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…In free-ranging MHC-screened males, there was a strong trend for more polymorphic males to have more breeding coloration (larger ''badges''; r s ϭ 0.34, P ϭ 0.079, n ϭ 27), a trait that we have shown in previous work to be strongly related to male reproductive success Anderholm et al 2004). We therefore held badge size constant in a partial correlation analysis, which revealed independent effects of male MHC polymorphism on male reproductive success (number of sired young assigned by microsatellites; r s ϭ 0.59, P ϭ 0.054, n ϭ 12; range sired young, 0-7, mean ϭ 1.41 Ϯ 0.31 (SE), median ϭ 0.5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…In short, sand lizards are strongly sexually dimorphic, small (to 20 g), ground-dwelling lizards. Males develop a bright green nuptial coloration, the ''badge,'' and its size is known to influence male reproductive success Anderholm et al 2004). We therefore monitored individually marked lizards throughout the mating season with respect to presence of partners, and scored paternity of males in clutches from collected females that oviposited in our laboratory (Ͼ 90% of all females available to a male).…”

Section: Field Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Haldane's Rule in Sex Allocation

et al. 2005

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Sex allocation theory predicts that parents should bias their reproductive investments toward the offspring sex generating the greatest fitness return. When females are the heterogametic sex (e.g., ZW in butterflies, some lizards, and birds), production of daughters is associated with an increased risk of offspring inviability due to the expression of paternal, detrimental recessives on the Z chromosome. Thus, daughters should primarily be produced when mating with partners of high genetic quality. When female sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) mate with genetically superior males, exhibiting high MHC Class I polymorphism, offspring sex ratios are biased towards daughters, possibly due to recruitment of more Z-carrying oocytes when females have assessed the genetic quality of their partners. If our study has general applicability across taxa, it predicts taxon-specific sex allocation effects depending on which sex is the heterogametic one.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Field Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Haldane's Rule in Sex Allocation

et al. 2005

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“…Accordingly, some species have evolved a variety of colorful sexually dimorphic ornaments that are used in intraspecific relationships (reviewed in Cooper and Greenberg, 1992). For example, the size and color characteristics of male visual badges may determine success in male-male competition (Thompson and Moore 1991;Olsson 1994) or mate acquisition (Baird et al 1997;Kwiatkowski and Sullivan 2002;Anderholm et al 2004). However, chemical signals also play prominent roles in social relationships of many lizards (reviewed in Mason 1992;Alberts 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites and health affect multiple sexual signals in male common wall lizards, Podarcis muralis

Martı́n

Amo

López

2007

Naturwissenschaften

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Multiple advertising sexual traits may either advertise different characteristics of male condition or be redundant to reinforce reliability of signals. Research has focused on multiple visual traits. However, in animals that use different multiple additional sensory systems, such as chemoreception, different types of traits might have evolved to signal similar characteristics of a male quality using different sensory channels. We examined whether ventral coloration and chemicals in femoral gland secretions of male common wall lizards, Podarcis muralis, are affected by their health state (blood-parasite load and cell-mediated immune response). Our results indicated that less parasitized lizards had brighter and more yellowish ventral colorations and also femoral secretions with higher proportions of two esters of octadecenoic acid. In addition, lizards with a greater immune response had more saturated coloration and secretions with higher proportions of octadecenoic acid methyl ester. We suggest that these signals would be reliable because only healthier males seemed able to allocate more carotenoids to coloration and presumably costly chemicals to secretions. The use of multiple sensory channels may provide more opportunities to signal a male quality under different circumstances, but also may reinforce the reliability of the signal when both types of traits may be perceived simultaneously.

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“…For example, in the sand lizard, Lacerta agilis, probably the lacertid in which coloration has been best studied (e.g. Anderholm et al, 2004;Olsson et al, 2005), the UV reflectance of the male breeding coloration was ignored until recently (Pérez i de Lanuza and Font, 2007). The inclusion of the UV range of the spectrum in studies of male L. agilis' coloration has demonstrated that UV reflectance plays a…”

Section: Fig 2 Microscopic Images Of Lacertid Cone Oil Droplets Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet vision in lacertid lizards: evidence from retinal structure, eye transmittance, SWS1 visual pigment genes, and behaviour

Lanuza

Font

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Ultraviolet (UV) vision and UV colour patches have been reported in a wide range of taxa and are increasingly appreciated as an integral part of vertebrate visual perception and communication systems. Previous studies with Lacertidae, a lizard family with diverse and complex coloration, have revealed the existence of UV-reflecting patches that may function as social signals. However, confirmation of the signalling role of UV coloration requires demonstrating that the lizards are capable of vision in the UV waveband. Here we use a multidisciplinary approach to characterize the visual sensitivity of a diverse sample of lacertid species. Spectral transmission measurements of the ocular media show that wavelengths down to 300 nm are transmitted in all the species sampled. Four retinal oil droplet types can be identified in the lacertid retina. Two types are pigmented and two are colourless. Fluorescence microscopy reveals that a type of colourless droplet is UV-transmitting and may thus be associated with UV-sensitive cones. DNA sequencing shows that lacertids have a functional SWS1 opsin, very similar at 13 critical sites to that in the presumed ancestral vertebrate (which was UV sensitive) and other UV-sensitive lizards. Finally, males of Podarcis muralis are capable of discriminating between two views of the same stimulus that differ only in the presence/absence of UV radiance. Taken together, these results provide convergent evidence of UV vision in lacertids, very likely by means of an independent photopigment. Moreover, the presence of four oil droplet types suggests that lacertids have a four-cone colour vision system.

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Fit and fat from enlarged badges: a field experiment on male sand lizards

Cited by 36 publications

References 13 publications

The Role of Haldane's Rule in Sex Allocation

The Role of Haldane's Rule in Sex Allocation

Parasites and health affect multiple sexual signals in male common wall lizards, Podarcis muralis

Ultraviolet vision in lacertid lizards: evidence from retinal structure, eye transmittance, SWS1 visual pigment genes, and behaviour

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