Fissure-In-ANO

Abstract

This chapter provides a summary of the aetiology, diagnosis, investigation and management of anal fissure. It gives an overview of clinical anatomy and pathophysiology related to anal fissure. Focusing on anal sphincter hypertonia as the key factor for anal fissure progression, the chapter draws attention to perpetuating factors that contribute to a vicious cycle of fissure non-healing and addresses management options for these factors. This chapter also looks at the way how different treatment options for anal fissure emerged over time and uses evidence-based medicine to compare these options."Fissure-in-ANO" concludes with summarising the treatment options and suggesting an algorithm for management of acute and chronic anal fissures.

Investigation of HPLF-111624 in Modified Experimental Models of Ulcerative Proctitis and Anal Fissure in Rats

“…However, Hispanic people of 55–64 age group (1.69 versus 1.08 cases per 1000 person-years; p < 0.01) showed higher incidence of AF, mostly due to a marginally higher occurrence among men (2.00 cases per 1000 person-years among Hispanic men of 55–64 age group). 6 , 7 The main causes of AF are passing of large or hard stool, or prolonged constipation, recurrent diarrhea, and after vaginal delivery . Besides physical injury, other causes of AF include inflammatory bowel disease, granulomatous diseases, HIV, syphilis, and malignancy.…”

Comparison between lateral sphincterometry and Lord’s operation in treatment of anal fissure

“…It can be divided into two clinical subtypes depending upon the duration of disease, the acute and chronic fissures. 1,2 Fistula-in-ano forms good majority treatable benign lesions of the rectum and anal canal. 90% or so of these cases are end results of crypto-glandular infections.…”