Fish Skin Isolated Collagen Cryogels for Tissue Engineering Applications: Purification, Synthesis and Characterization

Abstract

Abstract:Tissue engineering aims regenerating damaged tissues by using porous scaffolds, cells, and bioactive agents. The scaffolds are produced from a variety of natural and synthetic polymers. Collagen is a natural polymer widely used for scaffold production because of its being the most important component of the connective tissue and biocompatibility. Cryogelation is a relatively simple technique compared to other scaffold production methods, which enables to produce interconnected porous matrices from the frozen reaction mixtures of polymers or monomeric precursors. Considering these, in this study, collagen was isolated from fish skin which is a non-commercial waste material, and scaffolds were produced from this collagen by cryogelation method. Pore morphology and protein structure of collagen was proven by SEM and UV-Vis analysis, respectively. Iso-electrical point of the protein was determined by zeta potential analysis. Amide A, Amide B, Amide I, Amide II and Amide III characteristic peaks of collagen was demonstrated by FTIR analysis. The yield of isolated protein was 14.53% and 2.42% for acid-soluble and pepsin-soluble collagen, respectively. Scaffolds were produced by crosslinking isolated acid soluble collagen with glutaraldehyde at cryogenic conditions. With FTIR analysis, C=N bond which belongs to the reaction between glutaraldehyde and collagen was found to be at 1655 cm -1 . It was demonstrated by SEM analysis that collagen and glutaraldeyhde concentration had significant effects on the pore morphology, diameter, and wall thickness of the cryogels, which in turn changed the swelling ratio and degradation profiles of the scaffolds. In this study, synthesis and characterization results of a fish skin isolated collagen cryogel scaffold that may be potentially used in the regeneration of damaged tissues are presented.

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