Fish skeletal muscle tissue is an important focus of immune reactions during pathogen infection

Valenzuela, Cristina Ofelia; Zuloaga, Rodrigo; Poblete‐Morales, Matías; Vera-Tobar, Tamara; Mercado, Luís; Avendaño‐Herrera, Rubén; Valdés, Juan Antonio; Molina, Alfredo

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2017.03.004

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This study aimed to clarify possible intracellular behaviour for V. ordalii Vo‐LM‐18 and ATCC 33509 T in the fish‐cell lines SHK‐1 and CHSE‐214 using an indirect fluorescent antibody test, confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. The use of three robust approximations and three cell lines differentiate this report from prior research by our group, research in which intracellular behaviour for V. ordalii was indicated, but where aims and methods were inadequate for a more definitive determination (Ruiz et al, ; Valenzuela et al, ). Before applying the confocal assay to the V. ordalii , V. anguillarum and Y. ruckeri strains, the antisera raised against each bacterial species were screened against each pure bacterial culture using the immunofluorescent antibody technique.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…A value of p < .05 was used to indicate statistical significance. iour for V. ordalii was indicated, but where aims and methods were inadequate for a more definitive determination (Ruiz et al, 2015;Valenzuela et al, 2017). Before applying the confocal assay to the V. ordalii, V. anguillarum and Y. ruckeri strains, the antisera raised against each bacterial species were screened against each pure bacterial culture using the immunofluorescent antibody technique.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adherence and internalization of V. ordalii strains in salmon head kidney (SHK‐1) cells, which are derived from leucocytes and have some macrophage properties (Dannevig, Falk, & Press, ), have been demonstrated previously (Ruiz et al, ). In addition, Valenzuela et al () suggest V. ordalii can behave like an intracellular microorganism, since it provokes a response of intracellular receptors in the skeletal muscle of fine flounder ( Paralichthys adpersus ). These points underscore the importance of examining possible intracellular behaviours of V. ordalii under in vitro conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Valenzuela et al (2017) suggest V. ordalii can behave like an intracellular microorganism, since it provokes a response of intracellular receptors in the skeletal muscle of fine flounder (Paralichthys adpersus). These points underscore the importance of examining possible intracellular behaviours of V. ordalii under in vitro conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for the facultative intracellular behaviour of the fish pathogen Vibrio ordalii

Avendaño‐Herrera

Arias‐Muñoz

Rojas

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Vibrio ordalii is an extracellular, Gram‐negative bacterium that produces vibriosis in salmonids. While pathogenesis is not fully understood, this bacterium has numerous likely genes for adhesion, colonization, invasion factors and, as recently suggested, intracellular behaviour. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify possible intracellular behaviour for V. ordalii Vo‐LM‐18 and ATCC 33509T in the fish‐cell lines SHK‐1 and CHSE‐214. Confocal microscopy revealed Vo‐LM‐18 and ATCC 33509T inside cytoplasm in both fish‐cell lines at 4 hr post‐inoculation (hpi). At 8 and 16 hpi, the proportion of fish cells invaded by both strains increased. Moreover, intracellular V. ordalii were observed after 8 hpi inside mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), demonstrating that entry was not due to a cellular phagocytosis process. Flow cytometry confirmed immunocytochemistry results, with both V. ordalii evidencing statistically significant differences in the number of infected cells between 8 and 16 hpi. Interestingly, V. ordalii infection did not significantly damage fish cells, as determined by LDH liberation. Viable counts at 8 hpi detected, on average for both lines, 176 ± 47 CFU/ml of culturable intracellular Vo‐LM‐18 and ATCC 33509T cells. These in vitro findings support the facultative intracellular behaviour of V. ordalii and may be of importance for understanding pathogenicity and survival in aquatic environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evidence for the facultative intracellular behaviour of the fish pathogen Vibrio ordalii

Avendaño‐Herrera

Arias‐Muñoz

Rojas

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…Moreover, the presence of fish‐specific TLR‐18 transcripts in muscle of Salmo salar suggests the recognition of PAMPs can occur also in this tissue. Our results support the hypothesis that fish skeletal muscle is an immunologically active organ and that it could play an important role against pathogens as recently suggested by Valenzuela et al They showed that skeletal muscle in juvenile fine flounder challenged with Vibrio ordalii upregulated the expression of cytokines and AMPs …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced expression of cathelicidins in trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) challenged with four different bacterial pathogens

Furlan

Rosani

Gambato

et al. 2018

Journal of Peptide Science

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Cathelicidins are an important family of antimicrobial peptide effectors of innate immunity in vertebrates. Two members of this group, CATH-1 and CATH-2, have been identified and characterized in teleosts (ray-finned fish). In this study, we investigated the expression of these genes in different tissues of rainbow trout challenged with 4 different inactivated pathogens. By using qPCR, we detected a strong induction of both cath-1 and cath-2 genes within 24 hours after intraperitoneal inoculation with Lactococcus garvieae, Yersinia ruckeri, Aeromonas salmonicida, or Flavobacterium psychrophilum cells. Up to 700-fold induction of cath-2 was observed in the spleen of animals challenged with Y. ruckeri. Moreover, we found differences in the intensity and timing of gene up-regulation in the analyzed tissues. The overall results highlight the importance of cathelicidins in the immune response mechanisms of salmonids.

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Innate Immunity

Dalmo

Bøgwald

2022

Principles of Fish Immunology

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Research on the innate immunity has accelerated over the last decades. The main reason for this has been the discovery of receptors recognizing danger molecules from pathogens. This has been facilitated through genome and transcriptome sequencing of different fish species. Also, endogenous host molecules from sterile physiological insults may also bind to certain receptors and induce immunological processes. The magnitude and quality of adaptive immunity are known to be dependent on the instructions the innate response gives. This chapter gives an overview of selected innate immune organs/tissues, factors, and processes that have been suggested to possess important roles during innate immune response in fish.

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Fish skeletal muscle tissue is an important focus of immune reactions during pathogen infection

Cited by 38 publications

References 60 publications

Evidence for the facultative intracellular behaviour of the fish pathogen Vibrio ordalii

Evidence for the facultative intracellular behaviour of the fish pathogen Vibrio ordalii

Induced expression of cathelicidins in trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) challenged with four different bacterial pathogens

Innate Immunity

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