Fish Scales Dictate the Pattern of Adult Skin Innervation and Vascularization

Rasmussen, Jeffrey P.; Vo, Nhat-Thi; Sagasti, Alvaro

doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2018.06.019

Cited by 65 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As scales mature, their outer layers form mineralized canals called radii that harbor blood vessels[20]. A recent study by Rasmussen and colleagues found that radii also contain nerves, and scale growth and radial tracts of osteoblasts are essential for proper vascularization and innervation of juvenile zebrafish skin [30]. We noticed that queues of osteoblasts representing nascent radii first appear during regeneration at approximately 48 hpp and spread anteriorly across the scale surface (Supplemental Figure 5A-G).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

In Toto Imaging of Dynamic Osteoblast Behaviors in Regenerating Skeletal Bone

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Osteoblasts are matrix-depositing cells that can divide and heal bone injuries. Their deep tissue location and the slow progression of bone regeneration challenge attempts to capture osteoblast behaviors in live tissue at high spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we have developed an imaging platform to monitor and quantify individual and collective behaviors of osteoblasts in adult zebrafish scales, skeletal body armor discs that regenerate rapidly after loss. Using a panel of transgenic lines that visualize and manipulate osteoblasts, we find that a founder pool of osteoblasts emerges through de novo differentiation within one day of scale plucking. These osteoblasts undergo division events that are largely uniform in frequency and orientation to establish a primordium. Osteoblast proliferation dynamics diversify across the primordium by two days after injury, with cell divisions focused near, and with orientations parallel to, the scale periphery, occurring coincident with dynamic localization of fgf20a gene expression. In posterior scale regions, cell elongation events initiate in areas soon occupied by mineralized grooves called radii, beginning approximately 2 days postinjury, with patterned osteoblast death events accompanying maturation of these radii. By imaging at single-cell resolution, we detail acquisition of spatiotemporally distinct cell division, motility, and death dynamics within a founder osteoblast pool as bone regenerates.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

In Toto Imaging of Dynamic Osteoblast Behaviors in Regenerating Skeletal Bone

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These include loose connective tissue, blood vessels, nerve cells, chromatophores, iridophores and peripheral nerve cells (Whitear 1986b; Elliott 2011; Rasmussen et al . 2018). The blood vessels located in the dermal layer are part of a secondary vascular system (Burne 1929; Skov & Bennett 2004; Rummer et al .…”

Section: The Anatomy and Functions Of Fish Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical induced wounds in fish – a review on models and healing mechanisms

Sveen

Karlsen

Ytteborg

2020

Reviews in Aquaculture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Skin wounds and injuries are frequently occurring in farmed fish, particularly in more intensive production systems. Any disruptions of the skin, such as mucus removal, scale loss or deeper incisions, are negatively correlated with barrier functions and disease resistance. In this review, the current knowledge on mechanically induced wounds in fish is dedicated to five areas of focus: (i) The anatomy and functions of fish skin, (ii) Techniques to inflict mechanical skin damage in farmed and laboratory fish for experimental purposes, (iii) Healing mechanisms of deep wounds, (iv) In vitro models for wound healing studies and (v) Wound care, with focus on factors that may enhance or delay skin regenerative processes. The aim of the review was to presents key points for a better understanding of skin resilience and fish robustness, with focus on Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, in Norwegian coastal production environment.

show abstract

“…Axonal innervation of the scale epithelium is increased in the dark morph of M. auratus. To find further support for the hypothesis that neural innervation is indeed increased in the dark morph, we performed immunofluorescence staining of axonal fibers on scales of both morphs 61 . We dissected scales from three homologous dorsal-ventral positions and counted the number of nerve fibers (Fig.…”

Section: Three-dimensional Arrangement Of Chromatophores and Their Prmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Scales were then blocked in 10% normal goat serum with 0.4% Triton 100-X in PBS for minimally 2 h and incubated at 4 °C overnight with mouse monoclonal anti-acetylated-tubulin antibody (1:250; clone 6-11B-1; Sigma-Aldrich # T6793) in PBS supplemented with 10% normal goat serum and 0.1% Triton X-100. Although this primary antibody was raised against acetylated tubulin of sea urchin, it has been used for detection of acetylated tubulin from several tissues of many organisms, including fish scales 61,107 . The next day scales were washed by PBS supplemented with 0.1% Tween-20 (PBST) several times and the staining was achieved by incubation with secondary antibody (Goat-anti-Mouse IgG (H + L) SuperClonal Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor 488 conjugate, Invitrogen # A28175, 1:400) at 4 °C overnight.…”

Section: Axon Staining and Density Quantification On Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural innervation as a potential trigger of morphological color change and sexual dimorphism in cichlid fish

Liang

Meyer

Kratochwil

2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many species change their coloration during ontogeny or even as adults. color change hereby often serves as sexual or status signal. the cellular and subcellular changes that drive color change and how they are orchestrated have been barely understood, but a deeper knowledge of the underlying processes is important to our understanding of how such plastic changes develop and evolve. Here we studied the color change of the Malawi golden cichlid (Melanchromis auratus). females and subordinate males of this species are yellow and white with two prominent black stripes (yellow morph; female and non-breeding male coloration), while dominant males change their color and completely invert this pattern with the yellow and white regions becoming black, and the black stripes becoming white to iridescent blue (dark morph; male breeding coloration). A comparison of the two morphs reveals that substantial changes across multiple levels of biological organization underlie this polyphenism. these include changes in pigment cell (chromatophore) number, intracellular dispersal of pigments, and tilting of reflective platelets (iridosomes) within iridophores. At the transcriptional level, we find differences in pigmentation gene expression between these two color morphs but, surprisingly, 80% of the genes overexpressed in the dark morph relate to neuronal processes including synapse formation. Nerve fiber staining confirms that scales of the dark morph are indeed innervated by 1.3 to 2 times more axonal fibers. Our results might suggest an instructive role of nervous innervation orchestrating the complex cellular and ultrastructural changes that drive the morphological color change of this cichlid species. Coloration is an important feature that plays crucial roles in terms of natural and sexual selection. It can serve in predator avoidance, prey capture through camouflage, conspecific communication and protection from radiation 1,2. Besides these ecological and evolutionary aspects, the formation of pigment patterns provides insights into the genetic basis of adaptive evolution 3 as well as the formation of complex tissues 4. In vertebrates the color of the integument is shaped by the multilayered arrangement and interaction of cells with different pigmentary and structural properties 5. Variations in the density, shape and properties of chromatophores and the intracellular organization of pigments and reflective molecules shapes the macroscopic appearance of the integument 6,7. Several types of pigment-bearing and light-reflecting chromatophores have been identified in teleosts 8. The most common cell types are melanophores (containing the brown to black pigment melanin), xanthophores/erythrophores (containing yellow to red pigments including carotenoids and pteridines), leucophores (white) and iridophores (containing guanine platelet crystals that produce structural coloration) 9. Although coloration is often perceived and studied as a static trait, it can change very dynamically on different time scales during the lifetime of a...

show abstract

Fish Scales Dictate the Pattern of Adult Skin Innervation and Vascularization

Cited by 65 publications

References 87 publications

In Toto Imaging of Dynamic Osteoblast Behaviors in Regenerating Skeletal Bone

In Toto Imaging of Dynamic Osteoblast Behaviors in Regenerating Skeletal Bone

Mechanical induced wounds in fish – a review on models and healing mechanisms

Neural innervation as a potential trigger of morphological color change and sexual dimorphism in cichlid fish

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About