FISH—in Plant Chromosomes

Liedtke, Susan; Breitenbach, Sarah; Heitkam, Tony

doi:10.1201/9781003223658-28

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Probes for the satellite DNAs pRN1 (Kubis et al 1997), GenBank accession number Stansted). The hybridization procedure as well as the image acquisition were performed as described previously (Schmidt et al 2021;Liedtke et al 2022). The hybridization stringency was 79%.…”

Section: Chromosome Preparation and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pangenome of cultivated beet and crop wild relatives reveals parental relationships of a tetraploid wild beet

Sielemann,

Schmidt,

Guzik

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Most crop plants, including sugar beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris), suffer from domestication bottlenecks and low genetic diversity caused by extensive selection for few traits. However, crop wild relatives (CWRs) harbour useful traits relevant for crop improvement, including enhanced adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. Especially polyploids are interesting from an evolutionary perspective as genes undergo reorganisation after the polyploidisation event. Through neo- and subfunctionalisation, novel functions emerge, which enable plants to cope with changing environments and extreme/harsh conditions. Particularly in the face of climate change, specific stress and pathogen resistances or tolerances gain importance. To introduce such traits into breeding material, CWRs have already been identified as an important source for sustainable breeding. The identification of genes underlying traits of interest is crucial for crop improvement. For beets, the section Corollinae contains the tetraploid species Beta corolliflora (2n=4x=36) that harbours salt and frost tolerances as well as a wealth of pathogen resistances. The number of beneficial traits of B. corolliflora is increased compared to those of the known diploids in this section (all 2n=2x=18). Nevertheless, neither the parental relationships of B. corolliflora have been resolved, nor are genomic resources available to steer sustainable, genomics-informed breeding. To benefit from the resources offered by polyploid beet wild relatives, we generated a comprehensive pangenome dataset including B. corolliflora, Beta lomatogona, and Beta macrorhiza, as well as a more distant wild beet Patellifolia procumbens (2n=2x=18). Joined analyses with publicly available genome sequences of two additional wild beets allowed the identification of genomic regions absent from cultivated beet, providing a sequence database harbouring traits relevant for future breeding endeavours. In addition, we present strong evidence for the parental relationship of the B. corolliflora wild beet as an autotetraploid emerging from B. macrorhiza.

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Section: Chromosome Preparation and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pangenome of cultivated beet and crop wild relatives reveals parental relationships of a tetraploid wild beet

Sielemann,

Schmidt,

Guzik

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…gene with the 35S rDNA (Schmidt et al 1994) labeled with digoxigenin-11-dUTP by PCR (Roche) and the probe pXV1 for the 5S rRNA gene (Schmidt et al 1994) Fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed according to Liedtke et al (2022). Briefly, chromosome slides were pre-treated with 100 µg/mL RNase A in 2× SSC for 30 min at 37 °C and washed twice in 2× SSC.…”

Section: Labeling Of Probes Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (Fish) ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed according to Liedtke et al (2022). Briefly, chromosome slides were pre-treated with 100 µg/mL RNase A in 2× SSC for 30 min at 37 °C and washed twice in 2× SSC.…”

Section: Labeling Of Probes Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (Fish) ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative cytogenetics of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinusL.) breeding lines reveal chromosomal variability and instability

Ankrah,

El-nagish,

Breitenbach

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus), a native warm-seasonal crop in Africa, is being considered for genetic improvement for local bast fiber production. To expedite its genetic improvement through breeding, kenaf genotypes from Ghana were assessed for genomic diversity regarding their chromosomal composition and ploidy levels. To gain insight into the repetitive DNA fractions in kenaf, the organization of 5S and 35S rRNA genes, as well as telomeric signal patterns were studied by a molecular cytogenetic approach.Using multi-color fluorescentin situhybridization, distinct rDNA loci andArabidopsis-type telomeres were revealed. The 5S rRNA genes were conserved in kenaf and localized in interstitial regions of two chromosomes across all accessions. The 35S rRNA genes were variable across the kenaf accessions and localized at sub-terminal ends and rarely interstitially in eight or six chromosome arms. Telomeric signals were observed at terminal ends of all chromosomes, with smaller signals also interstitially. The chromosome configuration of Ghana kenaf accessions was confirmed to be 2n=2x=36, each. We discuss the chromosomal variability and the likely genomic instability in the kenaf breeding lines from Ghana.To our knowledge, this is the first report on molecular cytogenetics on kenaf and thus, provides valuable insights into the genome of kenaf that will be useful for breeding. Additionally, this study provides a basis for further studies to analyze the repetitive DNA sequences and develop reference karyotypes to reveal genetic and evolutionary relationships between cultivated and wildHibiscusspecies.

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Comparative cytogenetics of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) breeding lines reveal chromosomal variability and instability

Ankrah,

El-nagish,

Breitenbach

et al. 2024

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus), a native warm-seasonal crop in Africa, is being considered for genetic improvement for local bast fiber production. To expedite its genetic improvement through breeding, kenaf genotypes from Ghana were assessed for genomic diversity regarding their chromosomal composition and ploidy levels. To gain insight into the repetitive DNA fractions in kenaf, the organization of 5S and 35S rRNA genes, as well as telomeric signal patterns were studied by a molecular cytogenetic approach. Using multi-color fluorescent in situ hybridization, distinct rDNA loci and Arabidopsis-like telomere signal patterns were revealed. The 5S rRNA genes were conserved in kenaf and localized in interstitial regions of two chromosomes across all accessions. The 35S rRNA genes were variable across the kenaf accessions and localized at sub-terminal ends and rarely interstitially in eight or six chromosome arms. Telomeric signals were observed at terminal ends of all chromosomes and the chromosome configuration of Ghana kenaf accessions were each confirmed to be 2n = 2x = 36. Observed genomic instability in kenaf is discussed. This report provides cytogenetic insights into the genome organization of kenaf and variability of its breeding lines. Additionally, this study sets the basis for further research to analyze the repetitive DNA sequences and develop reference karyotypes to reveal genetic and evolutionary relationships between cultivated and wild Hibiscus species.

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FISH—in Plant Chromosomes

Cited by 3 publications

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Pangenome of cultivated beet and crop wild relatives reveals parental relationships of a tetraploid wild beet

Pangenome of cultivated beet and crop wild relatives reveals parental relationships of a tetraploid wild beet

Comparative cytogenetics of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinusL.) breeding lines reveal chromosomal variability and instability

Comparative cytogenetics of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) breeding lines reveal chromosomal variability and instability

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