Fish embryos as teratogenicity screens: A comparison of embryotoxicity between fish and birds

Zebrafish cancer: the state of the art and the path forward

“…The zebrafish has long been used to assess the teratogenic effects of chemicals 60 . However, it was the pioneering work of Schreiber, Peterson and colleagues 61 that showed that careful regulation of the timing of drug administration and washout could affect specific organs 61 .…”

Availability, Standardization and Safety of Human Cells and Tissues for Drug Screening and Testing

“…Test methods using human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines are also being developed, and hESCs are beginning to be investigated as tools for developmental toxicology [49,50]. Potentially, the hESC offer systems that in many countries are fundamentally more acceptable when compared to other technologically advanced sources of embryonic tissue such as zebra fi sh embryos [51,52].…”

Embryotoxicity of Zinc Pyrithione, An Antidandruff Chemical, in Fish

“…Test protocols were similar to those outlined in Leeuwen et al (1990). Fertilized zebra ¢sh eggs in the blastula stage (2 to 4 h after spawning) were obtained from our own laboratory culture, AB strain.…”

“…In the present study, ELS tests on Zpt and antidandru¡ shampoos containing Zpt were carried out on two species of ¢sh: zebra ¢sh, Brachydanio rerio, and Japanese Medaka, Oryzias latipes. The use of zebra ¢sh in ELS tests has several advantages (Leeuwen et al, 1990): they are relatively easy to breed in the laboratory, which makes the eggs available all year round; the development of the ¢sh can be followed and malformations can be detected morphologically because the eggs and early larvae are transparent; the eggs develop relatively quickly; at 258C, hatching takes place after approximately 4 days and the time from fertilization until yolk absorption by the larvae is about 11 days; ELS tests with zebra ¢sh are considered to be a sensitive bioindicator for mammalian teratogenicity (Leeuwen et al, 1990); and recently, adoption of zebra ¢sh as a standard material in governmental test guidelines in Japan is being examined. The Japanese Medaka has also been widely used in aquatic toxicity tests including ELS (Tadokoro and Maeda, 1984).…”