Fish consumption during the first year of life and development of allergic diseases during childhood

Kull, Inger; Bergström, Anna; Lilja, G.; Pershagen, Göran; Wickman, Magnus

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01115.x

Cited by 235 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…12 Another study by Kull et al found that consumption of fish more than once a week in the first year of life was associated with a lower prevalence of asthma. 31 Arvaniti et al 6 and Tabak et al 32 showed that fish intake was associated with a lower prevalence of asthma in older children (.8 years). In contrast, Willers et al showed no association between the amount of fish consumption at age 2 to 3 years and 7 to 8 years and asthma diagnosis at 8 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Consumption in Infancy and Asthma-like Symptoms at Preschool Age

Jong

Vries²,

Franco³

et al. 2012

Pediatrics

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OBJECTIVE: To assess whether timing of introduction of fish and the amount of fish consumption in infancy were associated with asthmalike symptoms at preschool age. METHODS: This study was embedded in the Generation R study (a population-based birth cohort in Rotterdam, Netherlands). At the age of 12 and 14 months, timing of introduction of fish into the infant’s diet was assessed. The amount of fish consumption at 14 months was assessed by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Presence of asthmalike symptoms in the past year was assessed at the child’s age of 36 and 48 months. RESULTS: Relative to no introduction in the first year of life, introduction between age 6 and 12 months was significantly associated with a lower risk of wheezing at 48 months (odds ratio [OR]: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.43–0.94). When compared with introduction between 6 and 12 months, no introduction in the first year and introduction between 0 and 6 months were associated with an increased risk of wheezing at 48 months (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.07–2.31 and OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.07–2.19, respectively). The amount of fish at age 14 months was not associated with asthmalike symptoms (P > .15). CONCLUSIONS: Introduction of fish between 6 and 12 months but not fish consumption afterward is associated with a lower prevalence of wheezing. A window of exposure between the age of 6 and 12 months might exist in which fish might be associated with a reduced risk of asthma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Consumption in Infancy and Asthma-like Symptoms at Preschool Age

Jong

Vries²,

Franco³

et al. 2012

Pediatrics

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“…On the other hand, it was recently shown that increased maternal intake of butter and SFA during lactation was associated with increased risk of allergic sensitisation in the offspring at age 5 years 148 . Lastly, increased provision of LC n-3 PUFA later on in infancy and early childhood (through increased oily fish consumption or LC PUFA supplementation) has also been shown to decrease the risk of allergic disease development [149][150][151][152] and has been associated with better visual acuity 153,154 and cognitive function 155,156 , although these effects need to be further investigated. The effects of PUFA on child attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders are not yet clear as the existing evidence is inconclusive 157 .…”

Section: Fatty Acids As Biocompounds: Their Role In Human Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids as Biocompounds: Their Role in Human Metabolism, Health and Disease - A Review. Part 2: Fatty Acid Physiological Roles and Applications in Human Health and Disease

Kremmyda¹,

Tvrzická²,

Staňková³

et al. 2011

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

152

134

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Background. This is the second of two review parts aiming at describing the major physiological roles of fatty acids, as well as their applications in specific conditions related to human health.Results. The review included the current literature published in Pubmed up to March 2011. In humans, fatty acids are a principle energy substrate and structural components of cell membranes (phospholipids) and second messengers. Fatty acids are also ligands of nuclear receptors affecting gene expression. Longer-chain (LC) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid are precursors of lipid mediators such as eicosanoids (prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes), resolvins and neuroprotectins. Lipid mediators produced by EPA and DHA (LC n-3 PUFA; mainly found in oily fish) are considered as inflammation-resolving, and thus, fish oil has been characterised as antiinflammatory. Recommendations for EPA plus DHA intake from oily fish vary between 250-450 mg/day. Dietary reference values for fat vary between nutrition bodies, but mainly agree on a low total and saturated fat intake. The existing literature supports the protective effects of LC n-3 PUFA (as opposed to n-6 PUFA and saturated fat) in maternal and offspring health, cardiovascular health, insulin sensitivity, the metabolic syndrome, cancer, critically ill patients, and immune system disorders.Conclusion. Fatty acids are involved in multiple pathways and play a major role in health. Further investigation and a nutrigenomics approach to the effects of these biocompounds on health and disease development are imperative and highlight the importance of environmental modifications on disease outcome.humans. Thus, these FA may be characterised as conditionally essential depending on EFA availability. Genetic variation in human desaturase genes affects FA metabolism, plasma lipid profiles, and risk of disease development [5][6][7] . Recommendations for minimum dietary intake of EPA plus DHA vary between 250-450 mg/day 8 , especially for pregnant women and those of reproductive age. Rich sources of LC n-3 PUFA are fish oils and the flesh of oily fish, whereas non-oily (white) fish contain them but in lower amounts.Long-chain PUFA with 18-20 carbon atoms, including EPA and AA, are precursors of eicosanoids (prostaglandins, leucotrienes and thromboxanes), which have a broad scale of regulatory, autocrine and paracrine effects. Long-chain PUFA with 20 and 22 carbon atoms are precursors of autacoids -resolvins (resolution phase interaction products), lipoxins and neuroprotectins 9 . FA are also ligands of nuclear receptors which take part in the subcellular control of metabolic pathways. Covalent modification of proteins by FA acylation enables their incorporation into membranes. Hydroxy FA are activators of some nuclear factors and are responsible for the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1,

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“…The protective effect varied between 25 and 95%, which might be attributed to differences in study design, exposure and outcome measure classification and assessment. Nine studies observed a beneficial effect of fish intake during infancy/childhood and atopic outcomes in those infants/children (32,35,(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57) . The reduction in atopy/ allergy risk among these studies ranged between 22 and 80%.…”

Section: N-3 Pufa Eicosanoids and Inflammatory Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a role for fatty acids in early life programming of the immune system?

et al. 2010

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There may be a causal relationship betweenn-6 PUFA intake and allergic disease and there are biologically plausible mechanisms, involving eicosanoid mediators of then-6 PUFA arachidonic acid, that could explain this. There is some evidence that high linoleic acid intake is linked with increased risk of atopic sensitisation and allergic manifestations. Fish and fish oils are sources of long-chainn-3 PUFA and these fatty acids act to oppose the actions ofn-6 PUFA. It is considered thatn-3 PUFA will protect against atopic sensitisation and against the clinical manifestations of atopy. All five epidemiological studies investigating the effect of maternal fish intake during pregnancy on atopic or allergic outcomes in infants/children of those pregnancies concluded protective associations. Epidemiological studies investigating the effects of fish intake during infancy and childhood on atopic outcomes in those infants or children are inconsistent, although the majority of the studies (9/14) showed a protective effect of fish. Fish oil provision to pregnant women is associated with immunologic changes in cord blood. Provision of fish oil during pregnancy may reduce sensitisation to common food allergens and reduce the prevalence and severity of atopic dermatitis in the first year of life. This effect may persist until adolescence with a reduction in prevalence and/or severity of eczema, hayfever and asthma. Fish oil supplementation in infancy may decrease the risk of developing some manifestations of allergic disease, but whether this benefit persists as other factors come into play remains to be determined.

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Fish consumption during the first year of life and development of allergic diseases during childhood

Abstract: Regular fish consumption before age 1 appears to be associated with a reduced risk of allergic disease and sensitization to food and inhalant allergens during the first 4 years of life.

Cited by 235 publications

References 29 publications

Fish Consumption in Infancy and Asthma-like Symptoms at Preschool Age

Fish Consumption in Infancy and Asthma-like Symptoms at Preschool Age

Fatty Acids as Biocompounds: Their Role in Human Metabolism, Health and Disease - A Review. Part 2: Fatty Acid Physiological Roles and Applications in Human Health and Disease

Is there a role for fatty acids in early life programming of the immune system?

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