Fiscal Decentralization and China's Regional Infant Mortality

Brock, Gregory J.; Jin, Yinghua; Zeng, Tong

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2594338

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The findings suggest that a higher proportion of tax revenues raised and/or controlled locally as well as a lower transfer dependency on the central government, consistently reduced IMR. However, fiscal decentralization failed to reduce IMR for China (Brocka, Jinb, and Zenga 2015). Pérez-Moreno, Blanco-Arana, and Bárcena-Martín (2016) examine the effects of economic growth and recession periods on IMR in low-income countries during the period 1990-2010.…”

Section: Infant Mortality Child Mortality and Economic Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of economic growth, foreign direct investment and internet use on child health outcomes: empirical evidence from South Africa

Salahuddin

Vink

Ralph

et al. 2020

Development Studies Research

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This study examines the effects of economic growth and foreign direct investment (FDI) on child health outcomes measured by Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and Child Mortality Rate Under 5 (CMRU5) with several control variables such as corruption, inequality and HIV among others. It analyzes South Africa's annual time series data for the period 1985-2016. As variables were found with mixed order of integration, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is applied to determine cointegration and estimate short-run and long-run coefficients. Results indicate that economic growth and FDI have negative significant effects on both indicators of child health outcomes in both the short run and the long run. This implies that both economic growth and FDI contribute towards reducing IMR and CMRU5 in South Africa and thus help improve child health outcomes. Toda and Yamamoto (TY) causality test confirms causal association between these variables. Policy implications are discussed.

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Section: Infant Mortality Child Mortality and Economic Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of economic growth, foreign direct investment and internet use on child health outcomes: empirical evidence from South Africa

Salahuddin

Vink

Ralph

et al. 2020

Development Studies Research

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“…Though, Brock et al (2015) establish that decentralisation does not reduce infant mortality in China.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Effect of Decentralisation on Access to Sanitation and Water Services: An Empirical Test Using International Data

Taiwo

2020

SSRN Journal

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Decentralisation promises efficiency gain and improved access to public goods and services, especially at the local level. Under decentralised governance arrangement, regional and environmental peculiarities are given prominent consideration in delivering public goods and services. Given the impact of the environment in influencing sanitation and water services, particularly water provision, this study examines the effect of decentralisation, as measured by revenue share and expenditure share, on improved access to sanitation and water services. Exploiting the variation in improved access to sanitation facilities and water sources using a static panel data estimator, this study's empirical results suggest a positive impact of decentralisation on the improved access to sanitation and water services. The positive effect is larger in rural areas vis-à-vis the country level and urban areas. The study reveals that wealth and institutional factors are also important to improve access to sanitation and water services.

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“…This is termed fiscal decentralization-and it is a process by which a central government cedes powers from the exclusive legislative list to the sub-national government for economic development [1]. "It can also be seen as a twodimensional policy that involves either decentralization of a tax instrument when states and local governments bear the responsibility for implementing full expenditure functions [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Or a situation where states and local governments are allowed more revenue sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiscal Decentralization and Social Service Delivery Policy Response in Nigeria

Edame

Okoi

Aja

et al. 2023

JEMT

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This study examines the impact of fiscal decentralization on social delivery policy response in Nigeria, utilizing panel data for fourteen states in Nigeria for the period covering from 2000 to 2019. Specifically, this study evaluates the impact of fiscal autonomy on social indicators such as infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate and adult literacy rate. The panel vector error correction mechanism (PVECM) the granger causality test was employed as the estimation techniques. The result of the granger causality test to determine the direction of causality relationship among the variables in the estimated model showed that there was one way directional causality running from maternal mortality rate (MMR) to fiscal autonomy (FISA); adult literacy rate (ADLIT) to population (LPOP); population (LPOP) to maternal mortality rate (MMR), adult literacy rate (ADLIT) to maternal mortality rate (MMR), and education expenditure (LEDU) to fiscal autonomy (FISA). This means that maternal mortality granger caused fiscal autonomy in Nigeria. The result also implies that adult literacy rate granger caused growth in population, and growth in population granger caused maternal mortality rate in Nigeria. The error correction variable in the infant mortality rate equation has the coefficient of 0.069. This indicates that approximately 6.9 percent of the distortion in the system would be corrected each whenever the system moves away from equilibrium. This depicts a slower speed of adjustment mechanism from the disequilibrium in the short run to equilibrium in the long run. The estimated infant mortality rate equation has a very good fit on the data and very high explanation power, given the adjusted R-squared of 0.736. The adjusted R-squared of 0.736 showed that approximately 74 percent of variation in the dependent variable (infant mortality rate) was accounted for by variations in the independent variables. This result is not in agreement with the theoretical postulate. In real term, the result showed that an increase in education expenditure by one percent would lead to a decrease in adult literacy rate by 0.22 percent, other things being equal. This result showed that spending in education has not improved the literacy rate in Nigeria. This suggests that it is either the fact that spending in education by the government has been so small that it cannot bring about improvement in the literacy or that funds meant for educational projects are siphoned into private pause, thereby resulting to huge decline in terms of literacy rate. Lastly, growth in population has a declining effect on adult literacy rate in Nigeria. This inference is in accordance with a priori expectation showing that as population increase, pressure is being put on the existing educational facilities and overwhelm it, leading to the decline in adult literacy rate. In concrete term, an increase in population by one percent resulted to a decrease in adult literacy rate by 0.73 percent, other variables remaining the same. Based on our result, the study made some policy recommendation for the states to double their efforts in generating their internal revenue to become fiscally autonomous less reliance on the federal government for allocation. Also, there is need for the government to raise her expenditure in education and health sectors so as to increase the literacy rate and health sector outcomes in the country.

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Fiscal Decentralization and China's Regional Infant Mortality

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of economic growth, foreign direct investment and internet use on child health outcomes: empirical evidence from South Africa

Effects of economic growth, foreign direct investment and internet use on child health outcomes: empirical evidence from South Africa

The Effect of Decentralisation on Access to Sanitation and Water Services: An Empirical Test Using International Data

Fiscal Decentralization and Social Service Delivery Policy Response in Nigeria

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