First year of practical experiences of the new Arctic AWIPEV-COSYNA cabled Underwater Observatory in Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen

Fischer, Philipp; Schwanitz, Max; Loth, Reiner; Posner, Uwe; Brand, Markus; Schröder, Friedhelm

doi:10.5194/os-13-259-2017

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Pigment samples were collected as part of a monitoring program at the Ferrybox site in Ny Ålesund, Spitsbergen (78°55′N, Underwater Observatory, Fischer et al ; Van de Poll et al ). Here, seawater is obtained from Kongsfjorden at 11 m depth in front of the old jetty.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxon‐specific dark survival of diatoms and flagellates affects Arctic phytoplankton composition during the polar night and early spring

Poll

Abdullah

Visser

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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Effects of prolonged darkness on Arctic phytoplankton composition were investigated with lab experiments and a pigment time series in Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen (78 55 0 N). Chlorophyll a (Chl a), pigment composition, particulate organic carbon, cell numbers, and photosynthetic characteristics were studied in Arctic diatoms (Thalassiosira antarctica, Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii) and flagellates (Rhodomonas sp., Micromonas sp.) during 8 weeks of darkness and subsequent recovery in irradiance. Loss of photosynthetic functionality after 2 weeks of darkness was reversible in all species when returned to irradiance. Diatoms were more resistant to prolonged darkness (> 2 weeks) compared to the flagellates, with lower decline rates of Chl a and maximum quantum yield of PSII. T. nordenskioeldii showed rapid growth during recovery throughout 8 weeks of dark incubation, whereas recovery of flagellates diminished within 4 weeks. Ratios of taxonomic marker pigments relative to Chl a of all species showed limited variation during 8 weeks of dark incubation. The experimentally observed enhanced dark survival of diatoms was in agreement with pigment observations during four polar nights (2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017) in Kongsfjorden, which showed increased relative diatom abundance during declining biomass (down to 0.02 mg Chl a m −3 ). Therefore, a period of prolonged darkness gives Arctic diatoms a head start during the early stages of the spring bloom. The taxon-specific survival traits can influence the geographical distribution of diatoms and flagellates within the polar oceans and their phenology. Furthermore, the persistence of Chl a of nonviable phytoplankton during darkness might influence biomass estimates during the polar night.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxon‐specific dark survival of diatoms and flagellates affects Arctic phytoplankton composition during the polar night and early spring

Poll

Abdullah

Visser

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…The development and operation of the COSYNA Underwater Node System enabled year-round collection of oceanographic variables together with quantitative data of higher trophic levels in an extremely hostile environment with air temperatures below -30 • C and complete darkness during some times of the year. This made completely new insights into the temporal dynamics of this polar shallow water ecosystem possible (for details see Fischer et al (2017). Figure 10 shows a sketch of the remote controlled zooplankton observatory attached to the Helgoland underwater node since 2016.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The COSYNA-AWIPEV observatory is located in the Kongsfjorden Arctic fjord system at 78 • 55 50.37 N/11 • 55 12.10 E (WGS84), at 10 m water depth (± 0.7 m SD tidal amplitude) on the west coast of Spitsbergen (Fischer et al, 2017; Figure 1). The site is comparatively sheltered in the inner part of the Kongsfjord, with average tidal currents of 0.1 m s −1 (Fischer et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from the RemOs1 stereoscopic fish observatory attached to the underwater node system in Kongsfjorden. Left panel: Year round survey from October 2013 to November 2014 (modified after,Fischer et al, 2017). CPUE (catch per unit effort) is an arbitrary unit showing the total mean number of specimen counted per week based on 48 stereoscopic image pairs (one image pair every 30 min) summed up per week.…”

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Operating Cabled Underwater Observatories in Rough Shelf-Sea Environments: A Technological Challenge

et al. 2020

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Cabled coastal observatories are often seen as future-oriented marine technology that enables science to conduct observational and experimental studies under water year-round, independent of physical accessibility to the target area. Additionally, the availability of (unrestricted) electricity and an Internet connection under water allows the operation of complex experimental setups and sensor systems for longer periods of time, thus creating a kind of laboratory beneath the water. After successful operation for several decades in the terrestrial and atmospheric research field, remote controlled observatory technology finally also enables marine scientists to take advantage of the rapidly developing communication technology. The continuous operation of two cabled observatories in the southern North Sea and off the Svalbard coast since 2012 shows that even highly complex sensor systems, such as stereo-optical cameras, video plankton recorders or systems for measuring the marine carbonate system, can be successfully operated remotely year-round facilitating continuous scientific access to areas that are difficult to reach, such as the polar seas or the North Sea. Experience also shows, however, that the challenges of operating a cabled coastal observatory go far beyond the provision of electricity and network connection under water. In this manuscript, the essential developmental stages of the "COSYNA Shallow Water Underwater Node" system are presented, and the difficulties and solutions that have arisen in the course of operation since 2012 are addressed with regard to technical, organizational and scientific aspects.

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“…In one respect, however, the project promises something quite new indeed. Beneath surprising insights into an Arctic marine ecosystem, the data themselves represent one crucial outcome of the project, as long-term monitoring of an ecosystem in the Arctic Ocean has, to the best knowledge of the researchers, never before been undertaken in marine biology (Fischer et al 2017). In this regard, the project may be characterized as "data centric," a notion developed by Leonelli to label the Big Data approach in genomics and subsequent omics-branches (Leonelli 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Data

Hoffmann

2020

Perspectives on Science

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Recent studies of scholarly data work argue that whatever researchers handle as data and, in particular, what researchers consider as potential evidence for supporting claims, counts as data. In this article I extend the relational approach towards data to the various ways of dealing with data in the course of a single research project. Relying on an example from ecology, I argue that data gain presence for and occupy researchers in manifold ways: for example, as a promise, desire or pressure, or as a problem of trust and strength. In this way we notice that data, in the eyes of researchers, have more than one mode of existence, each of which is linked with its own expectations, challenges and actions. And we notice that these modes of existence not only coexist in the framework of a single project, but can also compete with each other.

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First year of practical experiences of the new Arctic AWIPEV-COSYNA cabled Underwater Observatory in Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen

Abstract: Abstract. A combined year-round assessment of selected oceanographic data and a macrobiotic community assessment was performed from

Cited by 40 publications

References 34 publications

Taxon‐specific dark survival of diatoms and flagellates affects Arctic phytoplankton composition during the polar night and early spring

Taxon‐specific dark survival of diatoms and flagellates affects Arctic phytoplankton composition during the polar night and early spring

Operating Cabled Underwater Observatories in Rough Shelf-Sea Environments: A Technological Challenge

Multiple Data

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