First-year Daycare and Incidence of Acute Gastroenteritis

Hullegie, Saskia; Bruijning-Verhagen, Patricia; Uiterwaal, Cuno S.P.M.; Ent, Cornelis K. van der; Smit, Henriëtte A.; Hoog, Marieke L A de

doi:10.1542/peds.2015-3356

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, our report is in agreement with a previous study done by Oldak et al (2012) in Northeastern Poland, in which higher NoV infection was detected in children between 1 and3 years of age [49]. The higher NoV infection rate in children between 1 and 3 years of age could be attributed to commingling of children in daycares, where children at this age have minimal immunity to the virus [50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Epidemiological, Molecular, and Clinical Features of Norovirus Infections among Pediatric Patients in Qatar

Mathew

Alansari

Smatti

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Background: Norovirus (NoV) is recognized as the second most important etiological agent leading to acute gastroenteritis globally. In order to determine the burden and characteristics of NoV infections in children in Qatar, profiling of circulating genotypes and their correlation with demographics and clinical manifestations were evaluated. Methods: A total of 177 NoV-positive fecal samples were collected from children suffering from acute gastroenteritis (AGE) during two-year period between June 2016 and June 2018. The age of the subjects ranged between 3 months and 12 years (median of 15 months). Genotyping was performed by amplifying and sequencing parts of viral VP1 and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) regions. Phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary relationships were performed using MEGA7.0. Fisher’s exact test was used to run statistical analysis for the clinical and demographical characteristics of circulating strains. Results: Overall, NoV infections were relatively higher in males than females with a ratio of 1.3:1 (p = 0.0073). Most of the NoV infections were reported in children between 1 and 3 years old (49.7%), followed by those <1 and >3 years of age (41.2% and 9.1%, respectively). NoV infections occurred throughout the year, with a noticeable increase in summer (36.6%) and drop in winter (25.4%). Nearly all (98.8%) NoV-infected children were positive for genogroup II (GII) compared to only two samples (1.2%) being positive for genogroup I (GI): GI.3 and GI.4. NoV genotype GII.4 (62.2%), GII.2 (15.8%), and GII.3 (13.5%) were predominant in our study. The detected strains shared >98% sequence homology with emerging recombinant strain of GII.P16-GII.4/RUS/Novosibirsk/2017 (MG892929), GII.P16-GII.4 Sydney/2012 (KY887601), GII.4 Sydney/2012, recombinant GII.P4 New Orleans /2009/GII.4 Sydney 2012 (MG585810.1), and the emerging strain GII.P16-GII.2 CHN/2017 (MH321823). Severe clinical illness (vesikari score >10) was reported in children infected with genotypes sharing homology with the above emerging strains. While GII.4 was reported in all age groups, NoV GII.3 infections were higher in children <1 year of age. Both genogroups (GII.4 and GII.3) in addition to GII.2 reported higher incidence in Qatari subjects compared to other nationalities (p = 0.034). Conclusion: This is the first report about NoV molecular epidemiology in Qatar. The most detected NoV strain was genogroup GII, which is the dominant genotype in the Middle East region. Further, we report GII.4, GII.2, and GII.3 as the most predominant NoV genotypes in our study. Moreover, disease severity scores were higher among children genotyped with genogroup GI (GI.4) and genogroup GII (GII.4, GII.2, GII.3, GII.6, and GII.7).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Epidemiological, Molecular, and Clinical Features of Norovirus Infections among Pediatric Patients in Qatar

Mathew

Alansari

Smatti

et al. 2019

Viruses

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“…At least one study reports that after first or second year in the day care environment children's immunity turns protective against symptomatic acute gastroenteritis. 26 Nevertheless, there was no question asking if the children in the households spend their days in a day care or not, so the possibility can only be hypothesised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, since the regression model showed that having two to six years old children in the household had a positive association with infections, there is a possibility that those pathogens spread into the household with children from the day care centre or outside and were transmitted to family adults without causing symptoms in the children. At least one study reports that after first or second year in the day care environment children's immunity turns protective against symptomatic acute gastroenteritis 26 . Nevertheless, there was no question asking if the children in the households spend their days in a day care or not, so the possibility can only be hypothesised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Owners’ perception of acquiring infections through raw pet food: a comprehensive internet‐based survey

et al. 2019

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There has been concerns related to the risk of bacterial contamination from raw pet food to humans, but research is still scarce. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to use a worldwide internet survey-based data to evaluate the impact of raw pet foods on human health from the owners’ experience. From 16 475 households, 0.2 per cent (n=39) reported having had a transmission of pathogen from the raw pet food to a human family member during the time that raw feeding had been used in the household. Only in three of those households the same pathogen that was found in the human sample was analysed and confirmed also in the raw pet food (0.02 per cent of all data). Moreover, 0.1 per cent (n=24) reported suspecting that a disease could have been transmitted to a human from the pet food. Feeding salmon and turkey, using more than 50 per cent of the diet as raw foods and preparing the raw food in the same place and utensils as the family foods all had negative association with infections. Having 2 to 6 year-old children living in the household was associated with more infections, although adults were the most frequently infected.

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“…ADI incidence was associated with having siblings and with formal childcare attendance, both of which are recognised risk factors 12,13 . The relative peak in ADI incidence rate and the longer median episode duration in the first month of life was unexpected since ADI is believed to be uncommon in healthy newborns 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADI incidence was associated with having siblings and with formal childcare attendance, both of which are recognised risk factors. 12,13 The relative peak in ADI incidence rate and the longer median episode duration in the first month of life was unexpected since ADI is believed to be uncommon in healthy newborns. 14 Our data show that this peak was driven by the relatively higher daily number of loose stools reported in the first month of life and did not result in above-average health-care utilisation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community‐level burden of acute diarrhoeal illness in the first 2 years of life in Brisbane, Australia: A birth cohort study

Mihala

Grimwood

Lambert

et al. 2020

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Aim This study sought to describe the burden of acute diarrhoeal illness (ADI) in an Australian subtropical urban setting following rotavirus vaccine introduction and to investigate the associations between child/family characteristics and ADI. Methods Parents of 154 children from the Observational Research in Childhood Infectious Diseases birth cohort provided daily symptom and health‐care data until the age of 2 years. Results The incidence rate of ADI was 1.07 per child‐year (95% confidence interval: 0.94–1.21). The median length of episode duration was 3 days (25th–75th percentiles: 1–6). The incidence rate was significantly higher in the first month of life and between 6 and 17 months of age compared with 18–23 months, also for children with siblings and in formal childcare. Overall, 49% of ADI episodes led to health‐care visits. Conclusions Despite a successful rotavirus vaccine programme, ADI still results in a substantial disease burden affecting young Australian children and their families.

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First-year Daycare and Incidence of Acute Gastroenteritis

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Daycare attendance has been associated with increased acute gastroenteritis (AGE) incidence in the first years of life. We investigated the effects of first-year daycare attendance on AGE incidence and primary care contact rate up to age 6 years.

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Epidemiological, Molecular, and Clinical Features of Norovirus Infections among Pediatric Patients in Qatar

Epidemiological, Molecular, and Clinical Features of Norovirus Infections among Pediatric Patients in Qatar

Owners’ perception of acquiring infections through raw pet food: a comprehensive internet‐based survey

Community‐level burden of acute diarrhoeal illness in the first 2 years of life in Brisbane, Australia: A birth cohort study

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