First-Trimester Ultrasound

Abramowicz, Jacques S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20203-7

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…The reason is that, using a vaginal probe, the gestational sac and fetal pole can be found earlier than with the abdominal approach. 30,31 In general, most of transvaginal studies are done for evaluating gestation sac, yolk sac, fetal heart motion, ectopic pregnancies, crown rump length, and fetal anatomy in both normal and abnormal pregnancies. 32 According to results, Doppler technique was the most frequent method of reviewed pregnancy and nonpregnancy studies and also most studied examinations were done by GE system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Scan Duration and Mechanical and Thermal Indices Applied for the Diagnostic Ultrasound Examinations

Asl

Farzanegan

Tahmasbi

et al. 2020

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objective-Although epidemiological studies have failed to show the harmful effects of ultrasound in humans, as a form of energy, ultrasound has the potential to cause bio-effects in tissues. Therefore, clinical guidelines have been established for ultrasound technology related to human safety, which include Thermal (TI) and mechanical (MI) indices. The appropriate TI and MI ranges for embryonic examinations are between 0-1.0 and 0-0.4, respectively. The accepted TI and MI ranges are 0-2.0 and 0-1.9, respectively, for general ultrasound examinations. In addition, the scan duration should be kept as low as possible. Therefore, the present study aimed at evaluating the scan duration, TI, and MI as measures of acoustic output during ultrasound studies.Methods-A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted for patients undergoing pregnancy checkups, routine checkups, and initial diagnosis ultrasound examinations. Samples were selected from imaging departments of 4 educational hospitals based on convenience sampling and 321 checklists completed by direct observation of ultrasound examinations.Results-For pregnancy scans, the mean TI and MI were obtained as 0.32 ± 0.27 and 1.15 ± 0.13, respectively. For non-pregnancy examinations, the mean value of TI and MI were 0.30 ± 0.29 and 1.07 ± 0.35, respectively. Therefore, mean TI for pregnancy and non-pregnancy examinations and mean MI for non-pregnancy studies obtained lower than the permitted values, while the mean MI was higher than the permitted level for first trimester of pregnancy. Also, relatively suitable scan durations were seen in reviewed studies. Conclusion-From this study, it may be concluded that the reported ultrasound scans were safe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Scan Duration and Mechanical and Thermal Indices Applied for the Diagnostic Ultrasound Examinations

Asl

Farzanegan

Tahmasbi

et al. 2020

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…In 2016, Ashoush Sh, et al, reported that the majority of their embryos with absent YS were GD1 (Growth disorganized (GD) 1, corresponding with the absent embryo (blighted ovum) [1].Although there is no clear agreement, an enlarged yolk sac can be depicted as a yolk sac with a diameter of 5 or 6mm. Generally, it has been suggested that an abnormally large yolk sac indicates poor obstetric outcome [11] . A recent study has shown that a yolk sac diameter of greater than 6mm is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion [1] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic Evaluation of the Yolk Sac and its Relationship to the Pregnancy Outcome

Awara¹,

Hamamy

2019

The Medical Journal of Cairo University

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Background:The yolk sac is the first anatomical structure identified ultrasonographically within the gestational sac and acts as the primary route of exchange between the human embryo and the mother before the placental circulation is established. Aim of Study:To determine whether yolk sacs with an abnormal sonographic appearance in pregnancies at 5-10 weeks gestation, are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes or not. Patients and Methods:This study included one hundred pregnant women who are between 5-10 weeks of gestation at Tanta University Hospitals. They were prospectively evaluated concerning for sonographic characteristics of the yolk sacs and perinatal outcomes.Results: An abnormal yolk sac was found in 42 pregnancies. In pregnancies with enlarged yolk sacs, a miscarriage occurred in 71.4% of cases (5/7). The pregnancies with a yolk sac diameter ≥6mm had a significantly higher risk of miscarriage (p=0.001). Miscarriage occurred in 29.4% of pregnancies with irregular yolk sacs (5/17) and 30.8% of pregnancies with echogenic yolk sacs (4/13).Conclusions: An enlarged yolk sac is strongly associated with a significantly increased risk for miscarriage. The presence of an echogenic or irregular yolk sac appears to be unrelated to adverse perinatal outcome.

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Ultrasonography for Threatened, Incomplete, or Compete Abortion

Rosario

2022

Atlas of Emergency Medicine Procedures

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First-Trimester Ultrasound

Cited by 5 publications

References 91 publications

Evaluation of the Scan Duration and Mechanical and Thermal Indices Applied for the Diagnostic Ultrasound Examinations

Evaluation of the Scan Duration and Mechanical and Thermal Indices Applied for the Diagnostic Ultrasound Examinations

Sonographic Evaluation of the Yolk Sac and its Relationship to the Pregnancy Outcome

Ultrasonography for Threatened, Incomplete, or Compete Abortion

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