First-time detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus, BVDV-1, in cattle in Botswana

Lysholm, Sara; Ramabu, Solomon S.; Berg, Mikael; Wensman, Jonas Johansson

doi:10.4102/ojvr.v86i1.1764

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Sheep and goats are widely distributed around the world, and both often coexist in the same farm, regardless of the fact that intensive and free-range farming often intersects geographically (76). In order to pursue quality increase, other species are often introduced, increasing the transmission of the disease (34,77). In addition, the use of public pastoral areas, as well as the cross-working of breeding or technical personnel methods can contribute to the spread of BVDV, so we have analyzed and will discuss sheep and goats together.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Ovine and Caprine Flocks: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is the causative agent of bovine viral diarrhea. It can infect cattle, sheep, pigs, and other animals, causing diarrhea, miscarriage, and stillbirth, among other symptoms, and it can result in huge economic losses to animal husbandry. There are reports on BVDV infection rates in sheep and goat herds from all over the world and this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors for BVDV in sheep and goats.Results: Using the data of 41,297 sheep and goats in 24 countries/regions to calculate a comprehensive prevalence rate for BVDV. The overall prevalence of BVDV infection in sheep and goats was estimated to be 8.6% (95% CI: 5.2–12.7) by immunological methods and 7.3% (95% CI: 2.7–13.7) by molecular methods. Analysis by national income level revealed that prevalence is higher in middle-income countries than in high-income countries (P < 0.05). The study also compared prevalence rates by species of BVDV, sampling year, and test species, but did not find significant differences.Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to determine the global prevalence of BVDV in ovine and caprine flocks. The prevalence of BVDV in sheep and goat populations varies from region to region, and the situation is not optimistic in some countries.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Ovine and Caprine Flocks: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes a pathogenic infection in livestock, mainly cattle and wild ruminants, with a global distribution ( 1 , 2 ) resulting in abortion, calf mortality, and poor reproductive performance. Livestock production and keeping play a significant role in poverty and hunger alleviation in many countries around the world ( 3 ). Livestock in LMICs provide an important food source, drought power, and manure source, as well as regular monetary income.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiology of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes reproductive inefficiencies and negatively impacts the economy of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is characterized by a combination of syndromes that result in poor production performance and calf morbidity and mortality. BVDV control is possible by introduction of biosecurity measures, test-and-cull, and vaccination programs as accomplished in high-income countries. Knowledge of BVDV epidemiology is limited in many LMICs, which hinders implementation of effective control programs. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the burden of BVDV, identify risk factors related to its occurrence, and health and economic impacts on production systems.Materials and MethodsRelevant BVD articles were collated from library databases; 690 abstracts and full texts were found in an initial search followed by filtering of 59 manuscripts. We accounted for quality and risk of bias in the meta-analysis. Prevalence, exposure, and current infection at regional, production, and farming system levels were estimated using logistic random-effects meta-regression models. Finally, we calculated the proportion of studies that addressed risk factors and health and economic impacts across different production systems to inform future preventative strategies in LMICs.ResultsSeroprevalence was high and varied between regions. Mean weighted prevalence was 39.5% (95% CI 25–56.1), 45.2% (95% CI 35.9–54.8), 49.9% (95% CI 25.5–74.3), and 21.6% (95% CI 0.5–56) for sub-Saharan Africa, South America, Middle East, and Asia, respectively. Seroprevalence varied across farming systems, with smallholder farming showing the highest values. Herdsize was the most frequently reported risk factor, and the percentage of articles that reported herdsize as a risk factor were 20.6%, 33.3%, and 38.4% for dairy, beef and mixed systems respectively. Abortion (13.7% of articles) was the main reported health impact in dairy systems. Some articles reported milk drop (4.6% of articles), but no article investigated the economic cost of BVDV in farming systems.ConclusionAnimal-level seroprevalence varied across all regions. Most of the studies focused on BVDV seroprevalence. There were some articles that investigated risk factors and health impacts, and there were even less that investigated economic impacts. Future studies should focus on identifying risk factors and quantifying health and economic impacts across systems. Understanding these aspects is crucial to develop management strategies to apply across diverse production systems in LMICs.

show abstract

“…Among these species, domestic small ruminants, consisting of both goats and sheep, are a major concern of experts because of their potential Available at www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.14/April-2021/26.pdf as carriers and transmitters of BVDV. This is because sheep and goats come into contact with cows more often than other species, thereby facilitating disease transmission between species [10][11][12][13]. Heterogeneity in the host species can seriously affect the livestock industry and provide new challenges, especially in diagnosis and disease control [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Pestivirus in small ruminants in Central Java, Indonesia

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aim: Globally, pestiviruses are among the most economically important viral pathogens of livestock. The genus Pestivirus comprises four species, including bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and 2 (BVDV-1 and BVDV-2), which infect cattle, border disease virus and classical swine fever virus which infect small ruminants and pigs, respectively. Accumulating evidence suggests that pestiviruses are no longer species-specific, creating new challenges for disease control. In Indonesia, investigations related to pestiviruses remain focused on cattle as the primary host and no research has been conducted on small ruminants (sheep and goats). Therefore, the present study aimed to study the possible occurrence of pestivirus (BVDV or BVD) infections in small ruminants in Indonesia, particularly in Central Java. Materials and Methods: We used 46 blood samples consisting of 26 sheep's blood and 20 goat's blood. Samples were selected from 247 small ruminant blood collected between July and October 2020 in Central Java, Indonesia, which met the following criteria: Female, local species, approximately 1-2 years old, never been pregnant, raised in the backyard, and had no close contact with cattle in either shelter or grazing area. We tested plasma samples from sheep and goats using competitive antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect specific antibodies against pestivirus followed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis for all positive samples to differentiate the species of pestivirus. Results: Two of the 20 samples collected from goats were positive for pestivirus at the serological and molecular levels, whereas 2 of 26 samples collected from sheep were doubtful but tested negative by RT-PCR. The genotyping test results obtained using nested PCR revealed that the positive samples collected from goats had a BVDV-1 genotype. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that BVDV-1 can infect species other than bovines, in Central Java, Indonesia. Further studies involving a larger number of samples are required to: (1) Determine the actual seroprevalence of pestiviruses in small ruminants and (2) Determine the potency of small ruminants as reservoirs for pestiviruses, both of which are important for the identification of the appropriate control program for pestiviruses in Indonesia.

show abstract

First-time detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus, BVDV-1, in cattle in Botswana

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Prevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Ovine and Caprine Flocks: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Ovine and Caprine Flocks: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Epidemiology of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Detection of Pestivirus in small ruminants in Central Java, Indonesia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About