First results from the new PVLAS apparatus: A new limit on vacuum magnetic birefringence

Valle, F. Della; Milotti, E.; Ejlli, A.; Messineo, G.; Piemontese, L.; Zavattini, G.; Gastaldi, U.; Pengo, R.; Ruoso, G.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.90.092003

Cited by 72 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Several upgrades of the experimental setup allowed the PVLAS team to report sensitivities three orders of magnitude above the QED limit [15] in 2012. The latest PVLAS results [16,17] place their experimental sensitivity at a factor of 50 above the QED limit, with no vacuum birefringence signal detected. Other magnetic field based vacuum birefringence experiments include BMV (Birefringence Magnétique du Vide) [18] and Q&A [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Vacuum birefringence detection in all-optical scenarios

Ataman

2018

Phys. Rev. A

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In this paper we propose an all-optical vacuum birefringence experiment and evaluate its feasibility for various scenarios. Many petawatt-class lasers became operational and many more are expected to enter operation in the near future, therefore unprecedented electromagnetic fields (EL ∼ 10 14 − 10 15 V/m and intensities IL ∼ 10 21 −10 23 W/cm 2 ) will become available for experiments. In our proposal a petawatt-class laser disturbs the quantum vacuum and creates a delay in a counter-propagating probe laser beam. Placing this delayed beam in one arm of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), allows the measurement of the vacuum refraction coefficient via a phase shift. Coherent as well as squeezed light are both considered and the minimum phase sensitivity evaluated. We show that using existing technology and with some moderately optimistic assumptions, at least part of the discussed scenarios are feasible for a vacuum birefringence detection experiment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Magnetic field based vacuum birefringence experiments (B ∼ 1 − 10 T [15][16][17][18][19]) scrutinize vacuum refraction coefficients in the order of ∆n ∼ 10 −23 . This extremely small value is self-explanatory why decades of experimental effort failed to give a result.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacuum birefringence detection in all-optical scenarios

Ataman

2018

Phys. Rev. A

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“…The experimental upper limit for birefringence of the vacuum established by BMV [7] is still a factor of about 2000 away from the predicted value. The new PVLAS experiment could recently significantly improve the upper limit to a factor of 50 above the prediction [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, this fundamental prediction of QED is still unconfirmed, even though a number of experiments have tried or are trying to measure the effect, most notably PVLAS and BMV [3][4][5][6][7], but also Q&A [8]. Others have been proposed, as, e.g., OSQAR [9] and a pulsed laser experiment [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the possibility of vacuum QED measurements with gravitational wave detectors

Grote

2015

Phys. Rev. D

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Quantum electrodynamics (QED) comprises virtual particle production and thus gives rise to a refractive index of the vacuum larger than unity in the presence of a magnetic field. This predicted effect has not been measured to date, even after considerable effort of a number of experiments. It has been proposed by other authors to possibly use gravitational wave detectors for such vacuum QED measurements, and we give this proposal some new consideration in this paper. In particular, we look at possible source field magnet designs and further constraints on the implementation at a gravitational wave detector. We conclude that such an experiment seems to be feasible with permanent magnets, yet still challenging in its implementation.

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“…For this reason, several groups are currently working on proposing feasible tests based on these phenomena. Low-energy experiments, such as PVLAS [12] and BMV [13], are built to detect the presence of magnetic birefringence by measuring the ellipticity acquired by a linearly polarized beam after traversing a magnetic field. While their current results are compatible with zero, they can be used to restrict a region of the parameter space constraining nonlinear corrections, such as was done in [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining nonlinear corrections to Maxwell electrodynamics using γγ scattering

Akmansoy

Medeiros

2019

Phys. Rev. D

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The recent light-by-light scattering cross section measurement made by the ATLAS Collaboration is used to constrain nonlinear corrections to Maxwell electrodynamics parametrized by the Lagrangian L = F + 4αF 2 + 4βG 2 + 4δFG. The ion's radiation is described using the equivalent photon approximation, and the influence of four different nuclear charge distributions is evaluated. Special attention is given to the interference term between the Standard Model and the nonlinear corrections amplitudes. By virtue of the quadratic dependence on α, β and δ, the nonlinear contribution to the Standard Model γγ cross section is able to delimit a finite region of the parameter's phase space. The upper values for α, β in this region are of order 10 −10 GeV −4 , a constraint of at least 12 orders of magnitude more precise when compared to low-energy experiments. An upper value of the same order for δ is obtained for the first time in the LHC energy regime. We also give our predictions for the Standard Model cross section measured at ATLAS for each distribution and analyze the impact of the absorption factor. We finally give predictions for the future measurements to be done with upgraded tracking acceptance |η| < 4 by the ATLAS Collaboration.

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First results from the new PVLAS apparatus: A new limit on vacuum magnetic birefringence

Cited by 72 publications

References 46 publications

Vacuum birefringence detection in all-optical scenarios

Vacuum birefringence detection in all-optical scenarios

On the possibility of vacuum QED measurements with gravitational wave detectors

Constraining nonlinear corrections to Maxwell electrodynamics using γγ scattering

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