First Reported Detection of Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 in Turkeys in the United Kingdom

Reid, Scott M.; Cox, William J.; Ceeraz, Vanessa; Sutton, David; Essen, Steve; Howard, Wendy A.; Slomka, Marek J.; Irvine, Richard M.; Brown, Ian H.

doi:10.1637/10178-041012-reg.1

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, a transmission of human influenza virus by breeders cannot be fully excluded. Previous studies have documented the possible transmission of H1N1 from humans to poultry (Liu et al, 2003b;Reid et al, 2012) and companion animals (Trujillo et al, 2012). The applied AIV rRT-PCR can also detect human influenza viruses (Spackman et al, 2002), and transmissions from humans to pigeons seem possible (Romvary & Tanyi, 1975;Romvary et al, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological investigations on the role of clinically healthy racing pigeons as a reservoir for avian paramyxovirus-1 and avian influenza virus

Teske¹,

Ryll²,

Rautenschlein³

2013

Avian Pathology

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Clinically healthy racing pigeons may harbour notifiable pathogens and serve as an unnoticed reservoir. Thus, 3480 healthy racing pigeons from 172 different lofts were monitored over a period of 2 years for the presence of avian influenza virus (AIV) and avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1). Pharyngeal and cloacal swabs as well as blood samples were collected from juvenile and adult pigeons. Pools of five pharyngeal swabs per loft and age group were initially screened by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Pharyngeal and cloacal samples from lofts that were positive or suspect in the AIV rRT-PCR or the APMV-1 rRT-PCR were inoculated into embryonated chicken eggs for virus isolation. In addition, sera were examined for antibodies against AIV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The antibody levels after vaccination against APMV-1 were determined by haemagglutination inhibition assay. Of the investigated lofts, 0.0 to 1.4% were positive by rRT-PCR for APMV-1 and 0.0 to 6.7% for AIV during this 2-year period with a total of four samplings. No sample yielded replicating virus in egg culture. No antibodies against AIV were detected. Haemagglutination inhibition test of vaccinated racing pigeons indicated age-dependent APMV-1 titres. The results suggest that the examined racing pigeons may have had contact with AIV, but virus replication may have been too low to induce detectable circulating antibody levels. Only a low percentage of samples were positive for APMV-1, but two outbreaks were observed in monitored flocks, indicating ongoing circulation of APMV-1 in the racing pigeon population. These observations highlight the relevance of APMV-1 vaccination and indicate the importance of flock immunity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological investigations on the role of clinically healthy racing pigeons as a reservoir for avian paramyxovirus-1 and avian influenza virus

Teske¹,

Ryll²,

Rautenschlein³

2013

Avian Pathology

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“…Zoonotic diseases, those infections acquired by humans from vertebrate animals, are an important component of the burden of communicable diseases [ 1 , 2 ]. In addition humanoses (previously called anthroponoses), infections acquired by animals from humans, are also being recognized more frequently; Influenza A H1N1 2009 illustrated this with humans infecting swine and poultry [ 3 , 4 ]. Once the spillover has occurred in either direction and, if the pathogen has become established in the new host species, spillback to the original host may be the next development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to Consult a Veterinarian on Physician’s Advice for Zoonotic Diseases: A Formal Role for Veterinarians in Medicine?

et al. 2015

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Physicians appear to find zoonotic diseases a challenge and consider that this topic belongs more to the veterinary profession. However, veterinarians have no formal role in clinical medicine. Data were collected as part of the Queensland Social Survey 2014 to determine the willingness of the public, if diagnosed with a zoonotic disease, to consult a veterinarian on the advice of a physician. Self-reported willingness to consult with a veterinarian at the respondent’s own expense was 79.8% (95% CI: 81.96%-77.46%) (976/1223). If the cost was funded by Medicare, the Australian public health insurance scheme, 90.7% (95% CI: 92.18%-88.92%) (1109/1223) would be willing to consult a veterinarian. Therefore, a large majority of Australian residents would be willing to consult with a veterinarian on the advice of their physician if they had a zoonotic disease. Does this indicate a possible new role for veterinarians under Clinical One Health?

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“…However, by July and October of 2009, natural outbreaks involving breeding turkeys were reported in Valparaiso, Chile (Mathieu et al., ) and Ontario, Canada (Berhane et al., ), respectively. This was followed by reports of outbreaks in the USA and the United Kingdom in 2010 (Pasick et al., ; Reid et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Reoccurrence of Suspected Human-to-Turkey Transmission of H1N1 Pandemic 2009 Virus in Turkey Breeder Flocks in Ontario and Manitoba, 2016

Berhane

Ojkić

Pople

et al. 2016

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Summary Soon after the emergence of 2009 pandemic H1N1, the first outbreaks in breeder turkey operations were reported that implicated human‐to‐turkey transmission. In the spring of 2016, the reoccurrence of 2009 pandemic H1N1 lineage viruses infecting breeder turkey flocks in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada, also implicated human‐to‐turkey transmission. In addition to raising concerns over biosecurity and vaccine failures, these cases once again raise the issue of whether turkeys have the potential to act as a bridge species to generate novel influenza A virus reassortants with public health implications.

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First Reported Detection of Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 in Turkeys in the United Kingdom

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

Epidemiological investigations on the role of clinically healthy racing pigeons as a reservoir for avian paramyxovirus-1 and avian influenza virus

Epidemiological investigations on the role of clinically healthy racing pigeons as a reservoir for avian paramyxovirus-1 and avian influenza virus

Willingness to Consult a Veterinarian on Physician’s Advice for Zoonotic Diseases: A Formal Role for Veterinarians in Medicine?

Reoccurrence of Suspected Human-to-Turkey Transmission of H1N1 Pandemic 2009 Virus in Turkey Breeder Flocks in Ontario and Manitoba, 2016

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