First report of Zika virus infection in a returned traveller from the Solomon Islands

Rafiei, Nastaran; Hajkowicz, Krispin; Redmond, Andrew; Taylor, Carmel

doi:10.5694/mja15.01275

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The Solomon Islands (SI), a low-income country ranked 156 of 188 nations in human development [ 1 , 2 ], is located in the south-west Pacific Ocean, approximately 1,800 km north-east of Australia ( Fig 1 ). Disease outbreaks are common in SI with a number of epidemics challenging the country in recent years, including a rubella outbreak in 2012–13 with 13 cases [ 3 ]; a rotavirus outbreak in 2014 with over 4,000 cases [ 4 ]; a measles outbreak in 2014 affecting 4,563 cases [ 5 ]; a Zika virus case in 2015 [ 6 , 7 ]; a cluster of meningococcal disease in 2015 with five paediatric cases [ 8 ]; and a dengue virus serotype 3 (DENV-3) outbreak in 2013 with more than 7,000 cases [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced surveillance during a public health emergency in a resource-limited setting: Experience from a large dengue outbreak in Solomon Islands, 2016-17

Craig

Joshua²,

Sio³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Between August-2016 and April-2017, Solomon Islands experienced the largest and longest-running dengue outbreak on record in the country, with 12,329 suspected cases, 877 hospitalisations and 16 deaths. We conducted a retrospective review of related data and documents, and conducted key informant interviews to characterise the event and investigate the adaptability of syndromic surveillance for enhanced and expanded data collection during a public health emergency in a low resource country setting. While the outbreak quickly consumed available public and clinical resources, we found that authorities were able to scale up the conventional national syndrome-based early warning surveillance system to support the increased information demands during the event demonstrating the flexibility of the system and syndromic surveillance more broadly. Challenges in scaling up included upskilling and assisting staff with no previous experience of the tasks required; managing large volumes of data; maintaining data quality for the duration of the outbreak; harmonising routine and enhanced surveillance data and maintaining surveillance for other diseases; producing information optimally useful for response planning; and managing staff fatigue. Solomon Islands, along with other countries of the region remains vulnerable to outbreaks of dengue and other communicable diseases. Ensuring surveillance systems are robust and able to adapt to changing demands during emergencies should be a health protection priority.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced surveillance during a public health emergency in a resource-limited setting: Experience from a large dengue outbreak in Solomon Islands, 2016-17

Craig

Joshua²,

Sio³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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“…Transmission of ZIKV has now been recorded from at least 20 PICTs including New Caledonia, Cook Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands [26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of dengue, Zika, chikungunya and Ross River viruses across the Solomon Islands

et al. 2022

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Across the Pacific, and including in the Solomon Islands, outbreaks of arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika are increasing in frequency, scale and impact. Outbreaks of mosquito-borne disease have the potential to overwhelm the health systems of small island nations. This study mapped the seroprevalence of dengue, Zika, chikungunya and Ross River viruses in 5 study sites in the Solomon Islands. Serum samples from 1,021 participants were analysed by ELISA. Overall, 56% of participants were flavivirus-seropositive for dengue (28%), Zika (1%) or both flaviviruses (27%); and 53% of participants were alphavirus-seropositive for chikungunya (3%), Ross River virus (31%) or both alphaviruses (18%). Seroprevalence for both flaviviruses and alphaviruses varied by village and age of the participant. The most prevalent arboviruses in the Solomon Islands were dengue and Ross River virus. The high seroprevalence of dengue suggests that herd immunity may be a driver of dengue outbreak dynamics in the Solomon Islands. Despite being undetected prior to this survey, serology results suggest that Ross River virus transmission is endemic. There is a real need to increase the diagnostic capacities for each of the arboviruses to support effective case management and to provide timely information to inform vector control efforts and other outbreak mitigation interventions.

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“…Also, cytoskeleton-targeting drugs affect ZIKV infection severely and tight linking of ZIKV RF with host cell cytoskeleton changes is indicative of infection (Cortese et al, 2017 ). Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia are less common, whereas peripheral edema and conjunctivitis are more commonly encountered in ZIKV infections (Ioos et al, 2014 ; Rafiei et al, 2016 ). Occipitofrontal circumference can indicate microcephaly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Diagnosis, Surveillance, and Monitoring of Zika Virus: An Update

et al. 2018

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Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with numerous human health-related disorders, including fetal microcephaly, neurological signs, and autoimmune disorders such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Perceiving the ZIKA associated losses, in 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as a global public health emergency. In consequence, an upsurge in the research on ZIKV was seen around the globe, with significant attainments over developing several effective diagnostics, drugs, therapies, and vaccines countering this life-threatening virus at an early step. State-of-art tools developed led the researchers to explore virus at the molecular level, and in-depth epidemiological investigations to understand the reason for increased pathogenicity and different clinical manifestations. These days, ZIKV infection is diagnosed based on clinical manifestations, along with serological and molecular detection tools. As, isolation of ZIKV is a tedious task; molecular assays such as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time qRT-PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), lateral flow assays (LFAs), biosensors, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) tests, strand invasion-based amplification tests and immune assays like enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are in-use to ascertain the ZIKV infection or Zika fever. Herein, this review highlights the recent advances in the diagnosis, surveillance, and monitoring of ZIKV. These new insights gained from the recent advances can aid in the rapid and definitive detection of this virus and/or Zika fever. The summarized information will aid the strategies to design and adopt effective prevention and control strategies to counter this viral pathogen of great public health concern.

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First report of Zika virus infection in a returned traveller from the Solomon Islands

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Enhanced surveillance during a public health emergency in a resource-limited setting: Experience from a large dengue outbreak in Solomon Islands, 2016-17

Enhanced surveillance during a public health emergency in a resource-limited setting: Experience from a large dengue outbreak in Solomon Islands, 2016-17

Seroprevalence of dengue, Zika, chikungunya and Ross River viruses across the Solomon Islands

Advances in Diagnosis, Surveillance, and Monitoring of Zika Virus: An Update

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