First Report of Wet Bubble Disease Caused by <i>Hypomyces perniciosus</i> on <i>Pleurotus citrinopileatus</i> in China

Zhang, C. L.; Xu, Jize; Kakishima, Makoto; Li, Y.

doi:10.1094/pdis-02-17-0179-pdn

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…At 4 vs. 5 dpi, M . perniciosa Hp10 ( Zhang et al, 2017b ) overcomes the host defense system and utilizes the host as a source of nutrients, similar to the nutrition style of Hirsutella minnesotensis and Trichoderma species ( Lai et al, 2014 ; Xie et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WBD is characterized by wet bubbles, malformation, white, fluffy mycelial growth, copious amber droplets (diseased carpophores exuding a brown malodorous liquid), and flocculent mycelia on most substrates ( Fletcher et al, 1995 ; Sharma and Kumar, 2000 ; Umar et al, 2000 ). Mycogone perniciosa (teleomorph: Hypomyces perniciosus ) is the causal agent of WBD, and it infects a variety of mushrooms ( Zhang et al, 2017a , b ; Carrasco et al, 2019 ). M .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Chitinase GH18 Gene Family in Mycogone perniciosa

Yang

Sossah²,

Li³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Mycogone perniciosa causes wet bubble disease in Agaricus bisporus and various Agaricomycetes species. In a previous work, we identified 41 GH18 chitinase genes and other pathogenicity-related genes in the genome of M. perniciosa Hp10. Chitinases are enzymes that degrade chitin, and they have diverse functions in nutrition, morphogenesis, and pathogenesis. However, these important genes in M. perniciosa have not been fully characterized, and their functions remain unclear. Here, we performed a genome-wide analysis of M. perniciosa GH18 genes and analyzed the transcriptome profiles and GH18 expression patterns in M. perniciosa during the time course of infection in A. bisporus. Phylogenetic analysis of the 41 GH18 genes with those of 15 other species showed that the genes were clustered into three groups and eight subgroups based on their conserved domains. The GH18 genes clustered in the same group shared different gene structures but had the same protein motifs. All GH18 genes were localized in different organelles, were unevenly distributed on 11 contigs, and had orthologs in the other 13 species. Twelve duplication events were identified, and these had undergone both positive and purifying selection. The transcriptome analyses revealed that numerous genes, including transporters, cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs), cytochrome P450, pathogenicity-related genes, secondary metabolites, and transcription factors, were significantly upregulated at different stages of M. perniciosa Hp10 infection of A. bisporus. Twenty-three out of the 41 GH18 genes were differentially expressed. The expression patterns of the 23 GH18 genes were different and were significantly expressed from 3 days post-inoculation of M. perniciosa Hp10 in A. bisporus. Five differentially expressed GH18 genes were selected for RT-PCR and gene cloning to verify RNA-seq data accuracy. The results showed that those genes were successively expressed in different infection stages, consistent with the previous sequencing results. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of pathogenicity-related and GH18 chitinase genes’ influence on M. perniciosa mycoparasitism of A. bisporus. Our findings may serve as a basis for further studies of M. perniciosa mycoparasitism, and the results have potential value for improving resistance in A. bisporus and developing efficient disease-management strategies to mitigate wet bubble disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Chitinase GH18 Gene Family in Mycogone perniciosa

Yang

Sossah²,

Li³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Mycogone perniciosa is a recurrent pathogen causing substantial yield losses on diverse edible mushrooms (A. bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, P. citrinopileatus, Volvariella volvacea, etc.) [4,13] during severe epidemics globally. In this study, we investigated the genetic variability and pathogenicity (virulence) of M. perniciosa from major Agaricus bisporus growing areas in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Pathogenic Variability of Mycogone perniciosa Isolates Causing Wet Bubble Disease on Agaricus bisporus in China

Sossah

Yang

et al. 2019

Pathogens

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Wet bubble disease, caused by Mycogone perniciosa, is a major threat to Agaricus bisporus production in China. In order to understand the variability of in genetic, pathogenicity, morphology, and symptom production of the fungus, 18 isolates of the pathogen were collected from diseased A. bisporus in different provinces in China. The isolates were characterized by a combination of morphological, cultural, and molecular pathogenicity testing on different strains of A. bisporus and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. The 18 isolates were identified by Koch’s postulate and confirmed different pathogenic variability among them. The yellow to brown isolates were more virulent than the white isolates. AFLP markers clustered the isolates into two distinct groups based on their colony color, with a high level of polymorphism of Jaccard similarities ranges from 0.39% to 0.64%. However, there was no evidence of an association between the genetic diversity and the geographical origin of the isolates. Through knowledge of the genetic diversity, phenotypic virulence of M. perniciosa is a key factor for successful breeding of resistant strains of A. bisporus and developing of an integrated disease management strategy to manage wet bubble disease of A. bisporus.

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“…Wet bubble disease (WBD), caused by the mycoparasite M. perniciosa , is a worldwide disease affecting commercial cultivation of white button mushroom ( A. bisporus ) and other cultivated fungi such as Pleurotus citrinopileatus but also found in the wild, parasitizing a range of basidiomycetes [ 2 , 63 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 ]. For many years, outbreaks of WBD have been sporadic, but it is recently reported that the presence of this mycoparasite is expanding, particularly in China, where WBD can cause yield losses of about 15–30% [ 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 ].…”

Section: Wet Bubble (Mycogone Perniciosa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M. perniciosa affects the morphogenesis of A. bisporus fruit bodies but not the vegetative mycelium [ 102 ]. The easily recognized symptoms of WBD include the presence of masses of deformed tissue with no signs of differentiation into stipe or cap, which can reach 10 cm in diameter ( Figure 1 c).…”

Section: Wet Bubble (Mycogone Perniciosa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Fungal Diseases in Mushroom Crops while Dealing with Fungicide Resistance: A Review

Gea¹,

Navarro²,

Santos

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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Mycoparasites cause heavy losses in commercial mushroom farms worldwide. The negative impact of fungal diseases such as dry bubble (Lecanicillium fungicola), cobweb (Cladobotryum spp.), wet bubble (Mycogone perniciosa), and green mold (Trichoderma spp.) constrains yield and harvest quality while reducing the cropping surface or damaging basidiomes. Currently, in order to fight fungal diseases, preventive measurements consist of applying intensive cleaning during cropping and by the end of the crop cycle, together with the application of selective active substances with proved fungicidal action. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the redundant application of the same fungicides has been conducted to the occurrence of resistant strains, hence, reviewing reported evidence of resistance occurrence and introducing unconventional treatments is worthy to pave the way towards the design of integrated disease management (IDM) programs. This work reviews aspects concerning chemical control, reduced sensitivity to fungicides, and additional control methods, including genomic resources for data mining, to cope with mycoparasites in the mushroom industry.

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First Report of Wet Bubble Disease Caused by Hypomyces perniciosus on Pleurotus citrinopileatus in China

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Chitinase GH18 Gene Family in Mycogone perniciosa

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Chitinase GH18 Gene Family in Mycogone perniciosa

Genetic and Pathogenic Variability of Mycogone perniciosa Isolates Causing Wet Bubble Disease on Agaricus bisporus in China

Control of Fungal Diseases in Mushroom Crops while Dealing with Fungicide Resistance: A Review

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