First Report of Walnut Anthracnose Caused by <i>Colletotrichum fructicola</i> in China

Juglans regia (walnut) is a species belonging to the family Juglandaceae. Broadly spread in diverse temperate and subtropical regions, walnut is primarily cultivated for its nuts. In France, Colletotrichum sp. on walnut was detected for the first time in 2007; in 2011 the disease led to 50–70% losses in nut production. A combined approach of metabarcoding analysis and multi-locus genetic characterization of isolated strains has been used for taxonomic designation and to study the genetic variability of this pathogen in France. Evidence indicates that four Colletotrichum species are associated with walnut in France: 3 belong to the C. acutatum species complex and 1 to the C. gloeosporioides species complex. Results also show that C. godetiae is the most abundant species followed by C. fioriniae; while C. nymphaeae and another Colletotrichum sp. belonging to the C. gloeosporioides complex are found rarely. Representative isolates of detected species were also used to confirm pathogenicity on walnut fruits. The results show a high variability of lesion’s dimensions among isolates tested. This study highlights the genetic and pathogenic heterogeneity of Colletotrichum species associated with walnut anthracnose in France providing useful information for targeted treatments or selection of resistant cultivars, in order to better control the disease.

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“…gloeosporioides sensu lato as the causal agent of anthracnose on J . regia in Shandong province, China 11 – 13 . Zhu et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Metabarcoding and Multi-locus approach for Genetic characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with common walnut (Juglans regia) anthracnose in France

Lio

Cobo‐Díaz

Masson

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…In addition, J. regia was usually infected by a range of canker disease pathogens, which often cause serious losses ( Fan et al, 2015b ). Similarly, walnut anthracnose pathogens were also diverse ( Wang et al, 2017 , 2018 , 2020 ; Varjas et al, 2021 ). There are 17 most common fungal diseases occurring on leaves, twigs, and fruits of walnut trees in China, including more than 70 species of fungi, which are mostly ascomycetes ( Zhang et al, 2010 ; Li et al, 2015 , 2017 ; Wang et al, 2017 ; Fan et al, 2018 , 2020 ; Liu et al, 2020 ; Yang et al, 2021a , b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes associated with walnut trees (Juglans regia) in Sichuan province, China

Xiao

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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In Sichuan province, walnuts, consisting of Juglans regia, Juglans sigillata, and the hybrid J. regia × J. sigillata, are commercially important edible nuts, and J. regia is the most widespread plant. To date, the diversity and distribution of fungi inhabiting on Juglans have not received enough attention, although there have been studies focusing on pathogens from fruit and stem. In order to update the checklist of fungi associated with Sichuan walnuts, a survey on fungi associated with the three Juglans species from 15 representative regions in Sichuan was conducted. In this article, ten fungi distributed in two classes of Ascomycota (Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes) were described based on morpho-molecular analyses, and two novel species, Neofusicoccum sichuanense and Sphaerulina juglandina, a known species of Ophiognomonia leptostyla, and seven new hosts or geographical records of Cladosporium tenuissimum, Diatrypella vulgaris, Helminthosporium juglandinum, Helminthosporium velutinum, Loculosulcatispora hongheensis, Periconia byssoides, and Rhytidhysteron subrufulum were included. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of these fungi are provided.

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“…( 2021 ) Hylocerus undatus Cactaceae Dragon fruit, red pitaya CABI ( 2019 ) Juglans regia Juglandaceae Common walnut Wang et al. ( 2018 ) Licania tomentosa Chrysobalanaceae Oitizeiro Lisboa et al. ( 2018 ) Limonium sinuatum Plumbaginaceae Wavyleaf sea lavender CDFA ( 2016 ) Weir et al.…”

Section: Appendix a – Colletotrichum Fructicola Host Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Colletotrichum fructicola

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Serio³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Colletotrichum fructicola Prihast., a well‐defined polyphagous fungus of the C. gloeosporioides complex which has been reported from all the five continents to cause anthracnose, bitter rot and leaf spotting diseases on over 90 cultivated and non‐cultivated woody or herbaceous plant species. The pathogen is not included in EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. Because of the very wide host range, this pest categorisation focused on Camellia sinensis, Citrus sinensis, C. reticulata, Fragaria × ananassa, Malus domestica, M. pumila, Persea americana, Prunus persica, Pyrus pyrifolia and P. bretschneideri for which there was robust evidence that C. fructicola was formally identified by morphology and multilocus gene sequencing analysis. Host plants for planting and fresh fruits are the main pathways for the entry of the pathogen into the EU . There are no reports of interceptions of C. fructicola in the EU . The pathogen has been reported from Italy and France. The host availability and climate suitability factors occurring in some parts of the EU are favourable for the establishment of the pathogen. Economic impact on the production of the main hosts is expected if establishment occurs. Phytosanitary measures are available to prevent the re‐introduction of the pathogen into the EU . Although the pathogen is present in the EU , there is a high uncertainty on its actual distribution in the territory because of the re‐evaluation of Colletotrichum taxonomy and the lack of systematic surveys. Therefore, the Panel cannot conclude with certainty on whether C. fructicola satisfies the criterium of being present but not widely distributed in the EU to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest unless systematic surveys for C. fructicola are conducted and Colletotrichum isolates from the EU in culture collections are re‐evaluated.

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First Report of Walnut Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum fructicola in China

Cited by 18 publications

References 1 publication

Combined Metabarcoding and Multi-locus approach for Genetic characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with common walnut (Juglans regia) anthracnose in France

Combined Metabarcoding and Multi-locus approach for Genetic characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with common walnut (Juglans regia) anthracnose in France

Morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes associated with walnut trees (Juglans regia) in Sichuan province, China

Pest categorisation of Colletotrichum fructicola

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