First report of the use of a saxitoxin–protein conjugate to develop a DNA aptamer to a small molecule toxin

Handy, Sara M.; Yakes, Betsy Jean; DeGrasse, Jeffrey A.; Campbell, Katrina; Elliott, Christopher T.; Kanyuck, Kelsey; DeGrasse, Stacey L.

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.10.015

Cited by 91 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Selections for neurotoxin targets have focused mainly on botulinum (BoNT) with the exception of one study where DNA aptamers for saxitoxin, a toxin implicated in paralytic shellfish poisoning, were selected [48]. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is one of the most devastating neurotoxins RNA [29] Human serum Competitive enzyme-linked apt assay (DR: 50 pM-0.1 mM; LOD: 1.0 pM) [32] DNA [30] Human serum Label-free electrochemical aptasensor (DR: 0.007-90 nM; LOD: 0.00198 nM) [34] RNA [29] Phosphate buffered saline spiked with relevant competitors Specific label-free electrochemical biosensor (DR: 100 nM-5 mM; LOD: 0.1 mM) [35] RNA [29] Tris buffer (pH = 7) spiked with relevant competitors Specific electrochemical biosensor (DR: 100 nM-5 mM; LOD: 50 nM) [36] DNA [30] Dopamine release from PC12 cells under hypoxic conditions Specific label-free nanowire-transistor biosensor (DR in vitro: 10 -11 to 10 -8 M; LOD: 10 -11 M) [37] Apt, aptamer; AuNP, gold nanoparticles; DR, detection range; LOD, limit of detection.…”

Section: Aptamers For Neurotoxin Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamers as Promising Molecular Recognition Elements for Diagnostics and Therapeutics in the Central Nervous System

McConnell

Holahan

DeRosa

2014

Nucleic Acid Therapeutics

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Oligonucleotide aptamers are short, synthetic, single-stranded DNA or RNA able to recognize and bind to a multitude of targets ranging from small molecules to cells. Aptamers have emerged as valuable tools for fundamental research, clinical diagnosis, and therapy. Due to their small size, strong target affinity, lack of immunogenicity, and ease of chemical modification, aptamers are an attractive alternative to other molecular recognition elements, such as antibodies. Although it is a challenging environment, the central nervous system and related molecular targets present an exciting potential area for aptamer research. Aptamers hold promise for targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Here we review recent advances in aptamer research for neurotransmitter and neurotoxin targets, demyelinating disease and spinal cord injury, cerebrovascular disorders, pathologies related to protein aggregation (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and prions), brain cancer (glioblastomas and gliomas), and regulation of receptor function. Challenges and limitations posed by the blood brain barrier are described. Future perspectives for the application of aptamers to the central nervous system are also discussed.

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Section: Aptamers For Neurotoxin Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamers as Promising Molecular Recognition Elements for Diagnostics and Therapeutics in the Central Nervous System

McConnell

Holahan

DeRosa

2014

Nucleic Acid Therapeutics

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“…A novel approach for detection and quantification of STX addresses the concentration-dependent, selective binding of Stx to a DNA aptamer (Handy et al, 2013).…”

Section: Functional Biochemical and Biomolecular Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap for hazard monitoring and risk assessment of marine biotoxins on the basis of chemical and biological test systems

Daneshian

2013

ALTEX

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Summary Aquatic food accounts for over 40% of global animal food products, and the potential contamination with toxins of algal origin -marine biotoxins -poses a health threat for consumers. The gold standards to assess toxins in aquatic food have traditionally been in vivo methodssingle marine biotoxins or combinations of marine biotoxins and intoxication symptomatology as well as monitoring the "success" of controls implemented during fishery and aquaculture production, processing, and retailing. For this reason, a workshop was organized in ermatingen, Switzerland by the Center for Alternatives to Animal testing -europe (CAAteurope) within the framework of the transatlantic think tank for toxicology (t 4 ).In contrast to other food products where hygiene and potential contamination with microbes or mold toxins is the prime issue, the emphasis in aquatic products (shellfish and finfish) is, beyond viral and bacterial contaminations, primarily placed on potential contamination with marine biotoxins owing to the numerous and recurring human intoxications.The gold standards to assess toxins in aquatic food have traditionally been in vivo methods, i.e., the mouse and the rat bioassays. Besides the ethical issues of in vivo bioassays there are specific difficulties, e.g., different exposure route (i.p. versus oral), low inter-species comparability, high intra-species variability, and questionable extrapolation of quantitative risk to humans, thus highlighting the need for the development of more reliable detection and quantification methods. Based on this reasoning, the european Food Safety Authority (eFSA) advocates the use of an analytical method, i.e., LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography coupled Mass Spectrometry), as a substitute for in vivo bioassays for almost all classes of marine toxins. However, although lC-MS is a very sensitive method that has the advantages of being able to detect multiple toxins in a single analysis and being good for confirming the identity of toxins, the quality of quantitative analysis is dependent on the availability of calibration standards. While many new toxin structural analogues have been detected and identified using LC-MS, this technique -as with most other methods -is not good at detecting new toxin types. When new toxin analogues are detected but accurate standards are not yet available, only an approximate quantitation is possible using estimated response factors.For the purpose of risk assessment of food, however, it is imperative to focus on the possible adverse effects, independent of whether they stem from one toxin or a combination of toxins. As toxicity is defined by functional and structural changes of biological systems, the development of a human-relevant in vitro system for appropriate risk assessment of marine biotoxins in seafood stands to reason. Moreover, poor correlation of human intoxications, of acute symptomatology and long-term adverse effects, and of predictive in vitro, in vivo, and analytical detection methodologies of marine biotoxins stems not least from a...

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“…Since the first aptamer was developed (Tuerk and Gold, 1990) there has been much growing interest for aptamers targeting many ligands such as toxins (Eissa et al, 2013;Elshafey et al, 2014;Handy et al, 2013;Nakamura et al, 2001). While for the ATX toxin, an aptamer have been selected by Jackson et al (2009) for a competitive fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA aptamers selection and characterization for development of label-free impedimetric aptasensor for neurotoxin anatoxin-a

Elshafey

Siaj

Zourob

2015

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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First report of the use of a saxitoxin–protein conjugate to develop a DNA aptamer to a small molecule toxin

Cited by 91 publications

References 24 publications

Aptamers as Promising Molecular Recognition Elements for Diagnostics and Therapeutics in the Central Nervous System

Aptamers as Promising Molecular Recognition Elements for Diagnostics and Therapeutics in the Central Nervous System

A roadmap for hazard monitoring and risk assessment of marine biotoxins on the basis of chemical and biological test systems

DNA aptamers selection and characterization for development of label-free impedimetric aptasensor for neurotoxin anatoxin-a

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