First report of pyrethroid resistance in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus larvae (Say, 1821) from Iran

Ziapour, Seyyed Payman; Kheiri, Sadegh; Asgarian, Fatemeh; Fazeli‐Dinan, Mahmoud; Fariborz, Yazdi; Tahamtan, R A Mohammadpour; Aarabi, Mohsen; Enayati, Ahmadali

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.01.001

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Rhipicephalus annulatus have been identified as vectors of babesiosis and anaplasmosis in Mazandaran Province and reported from ruminants. After very low level of synthetic pyrethroid insecticide resistance reported from India, its larvae has been resisted to pyrethroid in Iran [ 36 ] that is the situation is worsening and its risk increases. This tick has also been recorded in some regions of Europe such as Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece; Americas such as Mexico; and in northern Africa [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal distribution and faunistic of ticks in the Alashtar county (Lorestan Province), Iran

Davari¹,

Alam²,

Nasirian³

et al. 2017

Pan Afr Med J

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IntroductionTicks are non-permanent obligate parasites that have considerable medical-veterinary and zoonosis importance. In this regard a study designed to investigate the distribution and fauna of ticks in the Alashtar county in Iran from April and March 2014.MethodsTicks were collected from livestock farms and facilities from selected rural and geographically location in the Alashtar county. Based morphological characteristics and reference identification keys, ticks were identified.ResultsA total of 549 ticks including 411 hard and 138 soft ticks were found. Ten tick species including Haemaphysalis concinna (0.36%), Haemaphysalis sulcata (0.36%), Hyalomma anatolicum (0.18%), Hyalomma dromedarii (0.18%), Hyalomma marginatum (1.45 %), Hyalomma schulzei (0.36%), Rhipicephalus annulatus (0.18%), Rhipicephalus bursa (28.1%), Rhipicephalus sanguineus (43.63%) and Argas persicus (25.2%) were identified. Tick seasonal distribution were 47.26%, 22.63%, 14.96% and 15.15% in the spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. The tick distribution was more from plain areas (64.96%) than the mountainous areas (35.04%). The rates of the tick contamination were 97.3% and 2.7% in the traditional and industrial livestock's, respectively. The livestock contamination ranks to the hard ticks were cattle (39.51%), sheep (34.15%) and goats (26.34 %), respectively. Chi-square analysis showed a significant difference among the seasonal distribution of the ticks in the spring, summer and autumn or winter; between the tick distribution in the plain and mountainous areas; and between the traditional and industrial livestock's tick contamination (P < 0.05).ConclusionPresent study proves to change the traditional livestock's to the industrial livestock's. These findings highlight the importance of ticks and shows need to their control and tick pest management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal distribution and faunistic of ticks in the Alashtar county (Lorestan Province), Iran

Davari¹,

Alam²,

Nasirian³

et al. 2017

Pan Afr Med J

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“…Similarly, Aboelhadid et al (2018) reported R. annulatus resistance to deltamethrin in the same region of the current investigation. Deltamethrin resistance in R. annulatus was discovered first in Iran (Ziapour et al, 2016), then in Egypt (Aboelhadid et al, 2018;Arafa et al, 2020) and finally in Texas, USA (Klafke et al, 2019). Therefore, the addition of BA to the recommended con- Cypermethrin is effective against R. annulatus larvae; the LC 50 was 0.24 mL/L.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the acaricidal activity of benzyl alcohol on Rhipicephalus annulatus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus and its synergistic or antagonistic interaction with commonly used acaricides

Aboelhadid,

Ibrahium,

Abdel‐Baki

et al. 2023

Medical Vet Entomology

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The most economically significant ectoparasites in the tropics and subtropics are ixodid ticks, especially Rhipicephalus annulatus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Years of extensive use of the readily available acaricides have resulted in widespread resistance development in these ticks, as well as negative environmental consequences. Benzyl alcohol (BA) has been frequently used to treat pediculosis and scabies, and it may be an effective alternative to commonly used acaricides. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the acaricide activity of BA and its combination with the regularly used chemical acaricides against R. annulatus and R. sanguineus. Different concentrations of BA alone and in combination with deltamethrin, cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos were tested in vitro against adult and larvae of both tick species. The results showed that BA is toxic to R. annulatus and R. sanguineus larvae, with 100% larval mortality at concentrations of ≥50 mL/L, and LC50 and LC90 attained the concentrations of 19.8 and 33.8 mL/L for R. annulatus and 18.8 and 31.8 mL/L for R. sanguineus, respectively. Furthermore, BA in combination with deltamethrin, cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos exhibited synergistic factors of 2.48, 1.26 and 1.68 against R. annulatus larvae and 1.64, 11.1 and 1.14 against R. sanguineus larvae for deltamethrin + BA, cypermethrin + BA and chlorpyrifos + BA, respectively. BA induced 100% mortality in adult R. annulatus at concentrations of ≥250 mL/L with LC50 and LC90 reached the concentrations of 111 and 154 mL/L, respectively. Additionally, BA had ovicidal activity causing complete inhibition of larval hatching at 100 mL/L. The combination of BA with deltamethrin and cypermethrin increased acetylcholinesterase inhibition, whereas the combination of BA with chlorpyrifos decreased glutathione (GSH) activity and malondialdehyde levels. In the field application, the combination of BA 50 mL/L and deltamethrin (DBA) resulted in a significant reduction in the percentage of ticks by 30.9% 28 days post‐treatment when compared with groups treated with deltamethrin alone. In conclusion, BA causes mortality in laboratory and field studies alone and in combination with cypermethrin or deltamethrin. BA can be used for control of ticks of different life stages, that is, eggs and larvae, through application to the ground.

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“…Other studies also carried out on doubleresistant, triple-resistant & multi-resistant acaricides that R.microplusgenerated resistant against double resistant i.e., organochlorines & organophosphates (Aguirre & Santamaria, 1996), synthetic pyrethroids & organophosphates (Ortiz et al,1995), triple-resistant to organophosphates, synthetic pyrethroids & amidines (Benavides et al,2000;Soberanes et al,2002;Rodriguez-Vivas et al,2007) & multi-resistant from the different acaricides (Fernández-Salaset al,2012 a). Petermann et al(2016) Ziapour et al (2016) reported that susceptibility status of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus showed resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in north of Iran. Wharton (1983) reviewed resistance detection, identification & characterization of resistance.…”

Section: Status Of Acaricides Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of different Acaricides resistance and uses of ethanobotanical agents for controlling ticks activity: a Review

Malik¹,

Sanjay²,

Bhardwaj³

2021

Int.J.Zool.Appl.Biosci

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Ticks are obligate blood feeding ectoparasites of vertebrates incurring huge production loss in livestock industry & creating serious public health problems in the world. This review explores the acaricides resistance & ethnoveterinary practices to control ticks infestation. Long-term use of acaricides has generated resistance in many tick species. The use of phyto extract might play an important role in addressing the ticksmanifestation as ethnoveterinary plant has demonstrated repellent & toxic effects on ticks. They are of course less expensive, but they are often regarded as being more effective& therefore can be developed further for tick control & management. In regard to our literature survey the biological & parasitic activities of the plant species & status of acaricides resistance are given herein. It is hoped that our review would help to facilitate selection for further investigation of Plants & Acaracides with relatively high levels of potency & a wide range of biological activities

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First report of pyrethroid resistance in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus larvae (Say, 1821) from Iran

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Seasonal distribution and faunistic of ticks in the Alashtar county (Lorestan Province), Iran

Seasonal distribution and faunistic of ticks in the Alashtar county (Lorestan Province), Iran

An investigation of the acaricidal activity of benzyl alcohol on Rhipicephalus annulatus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus and its synergistic or antagonistic interaction with commonly used acaricides

Assessment of different Acaricides resistance and uses of ethanobotanical agents for controlling ticks activity: a Review

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