First report of Phytopythium vexans associated with dieback disease of apple trees in Morocco

Jabiri, Salma; Lahlali, Rachid; Bahra, Chaimaa; Amraoui, Mohammed Bendriss; Tahiri, Abdessalem; Amiri, Saïd

doi:10.1007/s42161-020-00606-2

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…vexans. This result is in agreement with our previous findings [21] in which Pp. vexans was the main pathogen of apple dieback in the Saïss region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…According to Jabiri et al [21], symptoms observed on apple and pear trees in orchards (Figure 2) were caused by oomycete pathogens. To isolate these pathogens, two techniques were employed and conceived in the laboratory.…”

Section: Isolation Of the Pathogenic Fungi: Fruit And Soil Baitingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar symptoms to those described previously were seen in apple and pear trees in Morocco. Recently, Jabiri et al [21] reported, for the first time, the occurrence of Phytopythium vexans on apple trees. Therefore, the present study will focus on determining the occurrence and distribution of these oomycete pathogens in apple and pear growing area of Saïss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role played by oomycete species in apple and pear disease in Morocco and has not yet been fully investigated. A preliminary investigation evidenced the occurrence of Phytopythium vexans as the major causal agent of these symptoms [21]. Therefore, an extensive survey was undertaken to better understand the etiology of the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytopythium vexans Associated with Apple and Pear Decline in the Saïss Plain of Morocco

et al. 2021

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An extensive survey conducted in the Saïss plain of Morocco during the 2017–2018 growing season revealed that 35 out of 50 apple and pear orchards were infested with a pathogen that causes the decline disease. Morphological and phylogenetic tree analyses using the cox II gene allowed us to identify the pathogen as Phytopythium vexans. Interestingly, no Phytophthora and Pythium species were isolated. The occurrence and prevalence of the disease varied between locations; the most infested locations were Meknes (100%), Imouzzer (83%), and Sefrou (80%). To fulfill Koch’s postulate, a greenhouse pathogenicity test was performed on the stem and collar of one-year-old healthy seedlings of apple rootstock M115. Symptoms similar to those observed in the field were reproduced in less than 4 months post-inoculation with root rot disease severity ranging from 70 to 100%. The survey results evidenced that apple rootstocks, soil type, and irrigation procedure may contribute significantly to the occurrence of the disease. The disease was most prevalent in drip water irrigation and sandy-clay soil on wild apple rootstock. Accordingly, a rational drip advanced watering system and good sanitation practices could eliminate water stagnation and help prevent the onset of this disease. It was concluded that Pp. vexans occurrence may be strongly influenced by irrigation mode and type of soil. Therefore, the obtained findings of this study could help to better understand the recurrence of this disease and to develop a reliable integrated strategy for its management.

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“…vexans. This result is in agreement with our previous findings [21] in which Pp. vexans was the main pathogen of apple dieback in the Saïss region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Isolation Of the Pathogenic Fungi: Fruit And Soil Baitingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytopythium vexans Associated with Apple and Pear Decline in the Saïss Plain of Morocco

et al. 2021

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“…In China, P. vexans has been reported to cause diseases on ramie, tobacco, rubber trees, and dendrobium ( Zeng et al, 2005 ; Tao et al, 2011 ; Bian et al, 2015 ; Chen B. et al, 2016 ; Yu et al, 2016 ). In addition, P. vexans can cause patch canker, damping-off, and crown rot, stem rot, and root rot in many economically important fruit trees, such as durian, kiwifruit, apple, and avocado in Vietnam, Turkey, Morocco, and Mexico, respectively ( Polat et al, 2017 ; Hernández et al, 2019 ; Jabiri et al, 2020 ; Thao et al, 2020 ). The increasing reports of diseases caused by P. vexans suggest that this pathogen has the potential to cause large-scale disease outbreaks across multiple plants in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for the Rapid Detection of Phytopythium vexans

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Brown root rot caused by Phytopythium vexans is a new destructive root disease on many plants such as Gingko, Citrus, kiwifruit, and ramie. The establishment of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology for detecting P. vexans can help monitor and control brown root rot quickly, efficiently, and accurately. LAMP technology is known for its simplicity, sensitivity, and speed; and it does not require any specialized equipment – a water bath or a thermoblock is sufficient for isothermal amplifications. LAMP products can be visualized by using hydroxy naphthol blue (HNB) dye or agarose gel electrophoresis. In this study, by searching and comparing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of P. vexans and the related species in oomycete genera Pythium, Phytopythium, and Phytophthora, we designed specific primers targeting the ITS gene region of P. vexans. Using HNB dye, we established a LAMP technique for rapid detection of P. vexans by visible color change. In addition, we optimized the protocol to enhance both sensitivity and specificity for P. vexans detection. Under the optimized condition, our protocol based on LAMP technology could detect as low as 24 copies of the P. vexans genomic DNA, which is ∼100 times more sensitive than conventional PCR. This method can successfully detect P. vexans using cell suspensions from P. vexans – infected ramie root tissues.

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Integrated analyses of the plant and soil microbiome identify Phytopythium vexans as agent of the Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome

Mosca,

Aci,

Procopio

et al. 2024

Plant Soil

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Background and aims The Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome (KVDS) is a disease that is currently a challenge for kiwifruit production in Italy, and it is spreading in new production areas. However, the causal agent of this syndrome has not been clearly identified, and we still know little about the overall effects of KVDS on the interactions between the host plant and its microbiome. Methods In this study, we combined metabarcoding and targeted isolation (leaf baiting) to characterize the changes in the rhizosphere and root microbiomes associated with symptoms of KVDS. Results Our results suggest that KVDS has little impact on the bacterial, fungal, and oomycete communities associated with soil and roots, and we detected weak signatures of potential dysbiosis. On the other hand, we found a consistent association of the oomycete Phytopythium vexans with samples from plants symptomatic to KVDS, which matches the nucleotide sequences of the isolates obtained through baiting and, partially, the isolates from previous studies. Conclusion While our results support the idea that P. vexans might be the major candidate agent of KVDS, there are still several unanswered questions that need to be addressed before being able to provide effective solutions to this emerging challenge in kiwifruit production.

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First report of Phytopythium vexans associated with dieback disease of apple trees in Morocco

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Phytopythium vexans Associated with Apple and Pear Decline in the Saïss Plain of Morocco

Phytopythium vexans Associated with Apple and Pear Decline in the Saïss Plain of Morocco

Development of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for the Rapid Detection of Phytopythium vexans

Integrated analyses of the plant and soil microbiome identify Phytopythium vexans as agent of the Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome

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