First Report of Mycotoxins in Second Peanuts Crop in Adana and Osmaniye at Harvest, Drying, Prestorage and Storage Periods

Abstract

Alatoxin (AF) and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) contaminations are very important problems for peanuts and its products. The aim of the study was to detect alatoxin (types B and G) and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) occurrence and critical periods of toxin production in peanuts collected from diferent research areas of Osmaniye and Adana, Turkey, in 2015. Peanut kernels toxin analysis was performed in four diferent periods during the harvest, drying, prestorage, and storage. Total alatoxin occurrence in peanut kernels was analyzed by immunoainity chromatography-reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (IAC-HPLC) analysis and cyclopiazonic acid occurrence in peanut kernels was analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Alatoxin levels in 76 out of 102 contaminated samples were from 0.3 to 1333.42 μg/kg. Cyclopiazonic acid levels in 18 out of 102 peanut samples were from 16.6 to 44.44 μg/kg. An unusual patern of mycotoxin production (alatoxin types B and G simultaneously with CPA) was seen in 11 of 102 peanuts samples. Six of nine samples were from the storage period. Alatoxin contamination during harvesting (64%) and drying (75%) were higher than prestorage (53%). Alatoxin (93%) and cyclopiazonic acid (30%) were the most produced during storage. The results showed that storage period was signiicantly important for the presence of two mycotoxins according to the statistical analysis.

Biological Control of Aflatoxigenic Fungi on Peanut: For the Pre-Harvest Approach

“…Even though several studies have researched the effects and performance of afla-guard in different countries, any studies on afla-guard haven't been done in Turkey. Particularly, there is no dearth of information about the suitability and adaptability of afla-guard by peanut in Turkey (Lavkor and Bicici, 2015;Lavkor et al, 2017). The purpose of this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of three different treatments of nontoxigenic Aspergillus flavus NRRL 21882 to decrease preharvest aflatoxin contamination of peanuts.…”

Presence of some mycotoxins in peanuts from harvest to storage

“…Therefore, peanuts which hold on the soil surface is damaged and broken. Besides, the lack of enough ventilation, all these make the peanut product vulnerable to pathogens (Lavkor, 2013;Lavkor and Bicici, 2015;Lavkor et. al., 2017).…”

“…The samples taken at harvest, aflatoxin contamination continued in the storage conditions and therefore it is clear that aflatoxin contamination increased (Lavkor et. al., 2017).…”

“…The frequency of detection was 18% for the Adana and Osmaniye, with mean levels ranging from 16.6 to 44.44μg/kg in 2015. Especially, CPA (30%) mostly produced during storage term (Lavkor et. al., 2017).…”