First report of Maedi-Visna and Caprine Arthritis- Encephalitis viruses in Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Didugu, Hareesh; Sagi, Sreerohini; Reddy, Ch. E. N.; Kishore, Kamal; Reddy, M. Venkateswara; Vishnu, P. Guru

doi:10.5958/2277-940x.2016.00029.2

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, it is considered as an important test for screening of large number of animals on a herd basis. The overall seroprevalence of paratuberculosis reported in organized cattle farms of the present study is comparable with previous reports from different parts of India such as 15.14% in Bengaluru (Karnataka) (Gupta et al 2012), 7% in Uttar Pradesh (Trangadia et al 2014), 15.6% in Punjab (Garg et al 2015) and 10.83% in Andhra Pradesh (Didugu et al 2015). However, other studies reported the prevalence as high as 26.9 to 50.6% in cattle farms of North India by ELISA (Singh et al 2010, Pahangchopi et al 2014.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Seroepidemiology of paratuberculosis in cattle population of organized and unorganized farms of India

Narnaware

Tripathi

2017

Indian J of Anim Sci

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Serum samples (531) collected randomly from cattle of organized (200) and unorganized (331) farms of Central and Northern parts of India were subjected to a commercial ELISA to know the seroprevalence of paratuberculosis. These serum samples were also tested by an in-house absorbed ELISA developed in the laboratory and the results were compared. The overall seroprevalence of paratuberculosis in cattle was 8.09% with significantly higher prevalence in cattle of organized farms (13.5%) than unorganized farms (4.83%). The seroprevalence was also significantly higher in calves (17.24%) than adults (7.57%); whereas there was no significant difference in prevalence rate among male (6.71%) and female (9.87%) cattle. Region wise the seroprevalence was slightly higher in organized farms of Northern India (16.43%) than that of Central India (11.81%). The sensitivity and specificity of in-house ELISA were 71.11% and 98.76%, respectively, with the accuracy of over 96%. On the basis of Kappa-test, the inhouse ELISA was in good agreement with commercial Pourquier ® ELISA and can be recommended for screening of paratuberculosis infection in cattle in India.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Seroepidemiology of paratuberculosis in cattle population of organized and unorganized farms of India

Narnaware

Tripathi

2017

Indian J of Anim Sci

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“…with SRLV infection in sheep that are absent of our study because no public publications from those countries were found, or they did not fulfilled the inclusion criteria. On the contrary, from 2005 to 2019, China, Costa Rica, Iran, Morocco, and Pakistan have never reported SRLV infection to the OIE and India, Lebanon, Czech Republic, Syria, and Turkey appear as “disease absent” despite available scientific descriptions from all these countries [ 20 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 55 , 67 ]. First reports on SRLV infection in Brazil according to OIE are from 2017, whereas scientific publications already reported the disease in 2007 [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Prevalence of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses in Sheep: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Miguel

Arrieta

Rodríguez‐Largo

et al. 2021

Animals

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Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLV) are highly prevalent retroviruses with significant genetic diversity and antigenic heterogeneity that cause a progressive wasting disease of sheep called Maedi-visna. This work provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of the last 40 years (1981–2020) of scientific publications on SRLV individual and flock prevalence. Fifty-eight publications and 314 studies were included. Most articles used a single diagnostic test to estimate prevalence (77.6%), whereas articles using three or more tests were scarce (6.9%). Serological tests are more frequently used than direct methods and ELISA has progressively replaced AGID over the last decades. SRLV infection in sheep is widespread across the world, with Europe showing the highest individual prevalence (40.9%) and being the geographical area in which most studies have been performed. Africa, Asia, and North America show values between 16.7% to 21.8% at the individual level. South and Central America show the lowest individual SRLV prevalence (1.7%). There was a strong positive correlation between individual and flock prevalence (ρ = 0.728; p ≤ 0.001). Despite the global importance of small ruminants, the coverage of knowledge on SRLV prevalence is patchy and inconsistent. There is a lack of a gold standard method and a defined sampling strategy among countries and continents.

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“…Almost similar seroprevalence was recorded in Andhra Pradesh, India (4.5%), according to Didugu et al . [ 5 ] and Kenya (4.5%), according to Adams et al . [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It causes multisystemic inflammatory disease in small ruminants [ 5 ]. Lentivirus infections cause chronic, progressive, and devastating infections in various target organs including mammary gland, carpal joints, central nervous system, and lungs [ 3 , 5 ]. This might have impacted the amount of milk produced and raised the possibility of developing mastitis [ 4 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the prevalence rate varied from country to country and has been recorded from Malaysia 8.8% [ 2 ], Brazil 6.2% and 8.2% [ 6 , 7 ], Jordan 8.9% and 18.5% [ 14 , 18 ], Thailand 5.52% [ 19 ], Oman 5.1 % [ 20 ], Turkey 7.5% [ 21 ], Mexico 3.6% [ 22 ], Pakistan 3.87% [ 23 ], Iraq 8.69% [ 24 ], Northern Somalia 6.0% [ 25 ], and Italy 18.64% [ 26 ]. Our neighboring country, India, also has seropositivity toward CAEV, with prevalence rates of 4.5% [ 5 ], 3.33% [ 10 ], and 6.96% [ 27 ]. However, there is no information available in this country regarding CAEV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus infection in goats of Bangladesh: Serological detection and its associated risk factors

Rahma,

Akther,

Alam

et al. 2023

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Caprine arthritis and encephalitis (CAE) is a multisystemic persistent viral disease of goat that causes significant economic losses to the farmers and livestock sector. However, no information in this country is available regarding CAE virus (CAEV) infection. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of CAEV infection among the goat population in the selected goat-prone districts in Bangladesh and to identify the associated risk factors of the disease. Materials and Methods: From July 2021 to June 2022, 446 goat serum samples were randomly collected from the study area. Goat owners were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire to determine the risk factors. A commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to screen blood serum for CAEV antibodies. Logistic regression models were used to analyze risk factors and serological data to identify the potential risk factors. Results: Out of 446 serum samples, 19 samples were seropositive against CAEV. The overall seroprevalence was 4.26% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.58–6.57). The multivariable logistic regression model identified sex (Female; odds ratio [OR]: 3.98; 95% CI: 1.13–13.95), animal age (12–48 months; OR: 4.93, 95% CI: 0.63–38.13), and biosecurity status (Poor biosecurity; OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 0.46–5.92) as potential risk factors for CAEV seropositivity. Conclusion: This study revealed the serological detection of CAEV in Bangladeshi goats where seroprevalence is found to be relatively low. To eradicate the disease, screening and culling of infected goats from the herd might be implemented. Keywords: Bangladesh, caprine arthritis and encephalitis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, goat, risk factors, seroprevalence.

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First report of Maedi-Visna and Caprine Arthritis- Encephalitis viruses in Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Seroepidemiology of paratuberculosis in cattle population of organized and unorganized farms of India

Seroepidemiology of paratuberculosis in cattle population of organized and unorganized farms of India

Worldwide Prevalence of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses in Sheep: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus infection in goats of Bangladesh: Serological detection and its associated risk factors

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