First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by <i>Phoma sorghina</i> on Tobacco in China

Yuan, Gonglin; Liao, Ting; Tan, Hüseyin; Li, Q. Q.; Lin, Wei

doi:10.1094/pdis-11-15-1377-pdn

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…With disease severity increase, the trend of change in the relative abundance of pathotroph was the same as those of saprotroph in both diseased and healthy groups. This result indicated that there were many fungi with potential pathogenic characteristics on tobacco phyllosphere, as well as that most of those fungi are saprotrophs, which include genera whose species are well-known tobacco pathogens, for instance, Alternaria alternata ( Wang et al, 2016 ), Didymella segeticola ( Guo et al, 2020 ), Phoma sorghina , and Phoma omnivirens causing leaf spot on tobacco ( Yuan et al, 2016 ; Jiang et al, 2018 ), as well as Cladosporium cladosporioides causing seed disease in tobacco ( Wang et al, 2014 ). In general, most of these pathogens that infect tobacco leaves could grow both pathogenically inside the leaves or saprophytically on leaf surfaces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phyllospheric Microbial Composition and Diversity of the Tobacco Leaves Infected by Didymella segeticola

et al. 2021

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A Myriad of biotic and abiotic factors inevitably affects the growth and production of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), which is a model crop and sought-after worldwide for its foliage. Among the various impacts the level of disease severity poses on plants, the influence on the dynamics of phyllospheric microbial diversity is of utmost importance. In China, recurring reports of a phyto-pathogen, Didymella segeticola, a causal agent of tobacco leaf spot, accentuate the need for its in-depth investigation. Here, a high-throughput sequencing technique, IonS5TMXL was employed to analyze tobacco leaves infected by D. segeticola at different disease severity levels, ranging from T1G (least disease index) to T4G (highest disease index), in an attempt to explore the composition and diversity of phyllospheric microbiota. In all healthy and diseased tobacco leaves, the most dominant fungal phylum was Ascomycota with a high prevalence of genus Didymella, followed by Boeremia, Meyerozyma and Alternaria, whereas in the case of bacterial phyla, Proteobacteria was prominent with Pseudomonas being a predominant genus, followed by Pantoea. The relative abundance of fungi, i.e., Didymella and Boeremia (Ascomycota) and bacteria, i.e., Pseudomonas and Pantoea (Proteobacteria) were higher in diseased groups compared to healthy groups. Healthy tissues exhibited relatively rich and diverse fungal communities in contrast with diseased groups. The infection of D. segeticola had a complex and significant effect on fungal as well as bacterial alpha diversity. FUNGuild analysis indicated that the relative abundance of pathotrophs and saprotrophs in diseased tissues proportionally increased with disease severity. PICRUSt analysis of diseased tissues indicated that the relative abundance of bacterial cell motility and membrane transport-related gene sequences elevated with an increase in disease severity from T1G to T3G and then tended to decrease at T4G. Conclusively, the current study shows the typical characteristics of the tobacco leaf microbiome and provides insights into the distinct microbiome shifts on tobacco leaves infected by D. segeticola.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phyllospheric Microbial Composition and Diversity of the Tobacco Leaves Infected by Didymella segeticola

et al. 2021

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“…For all the fungi obtained from cultural method and the top 30 fungi gotten by high sequencing technique in this study, they either belongs to endophytes or to saprophytes. Most of them were plant pathogens and took higher abundance, including Alternaria ( Wang et al, 2016b ), Phoma ( Yuan et al, 2016 ), Cladosporium ( Wang et al, 2014 ), Aspergillus ( Welty and Nelson, 1971 ), Cercospora ( Newman and Townsend, 2016 ), Golovinomyces ( Wang et al, 2012 ), Rhizopus ( Wang et al, 2016a ), Stagonosporopsis ( Wang et al, 2018 ), and Epicoccum ( Guo et al, 2020 ). These fungi are frequently reported to cause tobacco leaf disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Composition and Diversity of the Tobacco Leaf Phyllosphere During Curing of Leaves

Chen

Cai

Wang³

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Rhizopus oryzae causes tobacco pole rot in China during tobacco flue-curing. Fluecuring is a post-harvest process done to prepare tobacco leaves and involves three different stages: the yellowing stage has the lowest temperatures and highest humidity, then the color-fixing stage has higher temperatures and medium humidity, and finally the stem-drying stage has the highest temperatures and lowest humidity. In this study, fungal culturing and IonS5XL high-throughput sequencing techniques were used to reveal the fungal community of the petioles and lamina of tobacco leaves infected with pole rot during flue-curing. A total of 108 fungal isolates belonging to 6 genera were isolated on media. The most common fungal species isolated was the pathogen, R. oryzae, that was most often found equally on petioles and laminas in the color-fixing stage, followed by saprotrophs, mostly Aspergillus spp. High-throughput sequencing revealed saprotrophs with Alternaria being the most abundant genus, followed by Phoma, Cercospora, and Aspergillus, whereas Rhizopus was the tenth most abundant genus, which was mostly found on petioles at the yellowing stage. Both culturable fungal diversity and fungal sequence diversity was higher at stem-drying stage than the yellowing and color-fixing stages, and diversity was higher with leaf lamina than petioles revealing that the changes in fungal composition and diversity during the curing process were similar with both methods. This study demonstrates that the curing process affects the leaf microbiome of tobacco during the curing process, and future work could examine if any of these saprotrophic fungi detected during the curing of tobacco leaves may be potential biocontrol agents for with pole rot in curing chambers.

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“…Epicoccum sorghinum (Didymellaceae), formerly known as Phoma sorghina (60), is a facultative plant pathogen considered to be majorly associated with the sorghum grainmold disease complex (61). The fungus is also the cause of leaf spot disease of plants such as Eichhornia crassipes (62), Colocasia esculenta (63), Nicotiana tabacum (64), Oxalis debilis (65), and Phytolacca Americana (66). E. sorghinum is known to produce the mycotoxin tenuazonic acid (TA) (61,(66)(67)(68).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic, but beneficial compounds from endophytic fungi of Carica papaya

Eze

Abonyi

Abba

et al. 2019

The EuroBiotech Journal

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Fungi remain a promising source of novel biologically active compounds with potentials in drug discovery and development. This study was aimed at investigating the secondary metabolites from endophytic Fusarium equiseti and Epicoccum sorghinum associated with leaves of Carica papaya collected from Agulu, Anambra State, Nigeria. Isolation of the endophytic fungi, taxonomic identification, fermentation, extraction and isolation of fungal secondary metabolites were carried out using standard procedures. Chromatographic separation and spectroscopic analyses of the fungal secondary metabolites yielded three toxigenic compounds - equisetin and its epimer 5’- epiequisetin from F. equiseti and tenuazonic acid from E. sorghinum These compounds are known to possess several beneficial biological properties that can be explored for pharmaceutical, agricultural or industrial purposes.

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First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Phoma sorghina on Tobacco in China

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Phyllospheric Microbial Composition and Diversity of the Tobacco Leaves Infected by Didymella segeticola

Phyllospheric Microbial Composition and Diversity of the Tobacco Leaves Infected by Didymella segeticola

Fungal Composition and Diversity of the Tobacco Leaf Phyllosphere During Curing of Leaves

Toxic, but beneficial compounds from endophytic fungi of Carica papaya

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