First Report of Leaf Spot of <i>Bletilla striata</i> Caused by <i>Fusarium asiaticum</i> in China

Li, Xianguo; Jiang, Jian-wei; Cheng, Sheng; Zhang, K.; Zhang, Z.; Zheng, Tong-wen; Liu, L.; Hsiang, Tom; Sun, Zhengxiang; Zhou, Yi

doi:10.1094/pdis-12-18-2236-pdn

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Bletilla striata root rot has been reported to be caused by Fusarium oxysporum in Yunnan ( Sun et al, 2013 ), Epicoccum sorghinum in Guilin, Guangxi ( Ma, 2023 ), and Rhizoctonia solani in Guizhou ( Zeng et al, 2012 ). Through pathogen isolation followed by morphological and molecular identification, we found that the pathogen causing B. striata white root rot in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, was F. solani , unlike in previous reports on B. striata root rot ( Sun et al, 2013 ; Zhou et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2019 ). F. solani has been reported to be the pathogen responsible for the development of leaf spot disease in B. striata ( Zhou et al, 2020 ), which coincides with the symptoms we observed in the leaf of B. striata .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…F. solani has been reported to be the pathogen responsible for the development of leaf spot disease in B. striata ( Zhou et al, 2020 ), which coincides with the symptoms we observed in the leaf of B. striata . It is noteworthy that there are similarities in some symptoms between this disease and previously reported root rot diseases of B. striata caused by F. oxysporum, E. sorghinum , and Dactylonectria torresensis ( Sun et al, 2013 ; Zhou et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2019 ). For example, at the beginning of the disease, brown leaf spots appeared on the above-ground parts, and as the disease progressed, the roots gradually became brown and softly rotted and severely decayed, resulting in the loss of water transport function of the roots, wilting of the leaves, and ultimately drying up to death.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Due to the use of monocultures and non-standard pesticides, artificial cultivation is increasing the risk of disease in B. striata , which decreases its yield, quality, and ornamental value. For instance, a multitude of pathogens can induce leaf diseases, including leaf spot, which is caused by Fusarium commune , F. asiaticum , F. ipomoeae , F. solani , F. avenaceum , Daldinia concentrica , and Epicoccum sorghinum ( Ke et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Song, 2019 ; Zhou et al, 2020 ; Wang H. Y. et al, 2022 ); leaf blight, which is caused by Curvularia reesii ( Chen et al, 2023 ); anthracnose, which is caused by Colletotrichum orchidophilum and Coll. fructicola ( Wang S. M. et al, 2022 ; Yang K. et al, 2022 ); southern blight, which is caused by Sclerotium rolfsii ( Yu et al, 2018 ); rust, which is caused by Coleosporium bletiae ( Xu et al, 2023 ); gray mold, which is caused by Botrytis cinerea ( Li et al, 2018 ); and blight, which is caused by C. bletiae ( Yuan et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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White root rot of Bletilla striata: the pathogen, biological characterization, and fungicide screening

Liang,

Jiang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Bletilla striata is an endangered traditional medicinal herb in China. In May 2020, the emergence of white root rot severely impacted the quality and yield of B. striata, affecting about 5% of the plants at plant nurseries of the Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences. Through a series of experiments and evaluations, the pathogen was identified as Fusarium solani. This is the first report of B. striata white root rot caused by F. solani in Sichuan, China. To better understand this disease and provide data support for its control, a combination of morphological, molecular characterisation and pathogenicity determination was used in this study for assessment. Meanwhile, the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources, culture medium, temperature, photoperiod and pH on mycelial growth and spore production of F. solani were investigated. In addition, effective fungicides were screened and the concentration ratios of fungicides were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The experimental results showed that sucrose was the optimum carbon source for the pathogen, and the optimum temperature and pH were 25°C and pH 7, respectively, while light did no significant effect. Effective fungicides were screened, among which difenoconazole showed the strongest inhibition with EC50 of 142.773 µg/mL. The optimum fungicide concentration scheme (difenoconazole, pyraclostrobin, and thiophanate-methyl at 395.42, 781.03, and 561.11 µg/mL, respectively) was obtained using response surface methodology (RSM) to improve the inhibition rate of 92.24 ± 0.34%. This study provides basic data for the pathogen characterization of B. striata white root rot and its potential fungicides in Sichuan, China. In addition, the optimal fungicide concentration ratios were obtained through response surface methodology (RSM) optimization, which significantly enhanced the fungicidal effect and provided a scientific basis for the future control of B. striata white root rot.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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White root rot of Bletilla striata: the pathogen, biological characterization, and fungicide screening

Liang,

Jiang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…They were assumed to encode similar proteins employ in secondary metabolism and other functions consort with infection (Walwokiak et al 2016), therefore they have similar characters such as in morphological characters and toxin production (Dhanti 2017). F. asiaticum was firstly reported as an emerging pathogen in postharvest asparagus in China (Zhu et al 2013) and first reported to cause leaf spot in ornamental plant Bletia striata (Li et al 2018). In maize, F. asiaticum was first reported as a pathogen caused ear rot in Japan (Kawakami et al 2015) and one of major pathogens causing ear and kernel rot in China (Zhou et al 2018).…”

Section: Fusarium Graminearum Species Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular identification of Fusarium spp. isolated from maize kernels in Java and Lombok, Indonesia

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Widiastuti A, Karlina ML, Dhanti KR, Chinta YD, Joko T, Suryanti, Wibowo A. 2020. Morphological and molecular identification of Fusarium spp. isolated from maize kernels in Java and Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2741-2750. Fungal contamination of maize is a serious problem in Indonesia. Fusarium spp. infect maize in the field will be continuing to contaminate in the post-harvest period even though disease symptoms are not always emerged. Some Fusarium spp. produced mycotoxins which are harmful to human and animal health. Aims of this research were to reveal the presence of Fusarium spp. from both symptomatic and unsymptomatic maize, and to identify them based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis. Samples of maize were collected from maize cultivation areas in East Java (EJ), Central Java (CJ), West Java (WJ), Yogyakarta Special Province (DIY), and Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Fusarium spp. were isolated in a single spore method and cultured in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium for morphological identification of macro-and microconidia. Molecular identification was conducted by PCR assay using species-specific primers. Furthermore, unidentified species were analyzed by DNA sequence. This research found four species of mycotoxigenic Fusarium isolated from maize-based on molecular identification, which were Fusarium verticillioides (15 isolates), F. proliferatum (6 isolates), F. graminearum (1 isolate) and F. asiaticum (1 isolate). This research showed a novel report of F. asiaticum infection on maize kernel in Indonesia.

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First Report of Leaf Spot of Bletilla striata Caused by Fusarium asiaticum in China

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

White root rot of Bletilla striata: the pathogen, biological characterization, and fungicide screening

White root rot of Bletilla striata: the pathogen, biological characterization, and fungicide screening

Morphological and molecular identification of Fusarium spp. isolated from maize kernels in Java and Lombok, Indonesia

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