FIRST REPORT OF<i>THELAZIA CALLIPAEDA</i>IN RED FOXES (<i>VULPES VULPES</i>) FROM PORTUGAL

Sargo, Roberto; Loureiro, Filipa; Catarino, Ana Lúcia; Valente, Joana; Silva, Filipe; Cardoso, Luı́s; Otranto, Domenico; Maia, Carla

doi:10.1638/2013-0294r.1

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Therefore, the increased number of cases of T. callipaeda infection in Europe reported in the literature may be partly explained by the growing awareness of veterinarians and parasitologists, but may also indicate that canine thelaziosis is emerging in some European areas. Importantly, where the infection in dogs is prevalent, it has also been reported in other host species such as cats (Maia et al, 2014) and foxes (Malacrida et al, 2008;Hodžić et al, 2014;Sargo et al, 2014).…”

Section: Thelazia Callipaedamentioning

confidence: 88%

The role of wild canids and felids in spreading parasites to dogs and cats in Europe. Part II: Helminths and arthropods

Otranto

Cantacessi

Dantas‐Torres

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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149

130

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Over the last few decades, ecological factors, combined with everchanging landscapes mainly linked to human activities (e.g. encroachment and tourism) have contributed to modifications in the transmission of parasitic diseases from domestic to wildlife carnivores and vice versa. In the first of this two-part review article, we have provided an account of diseases caused by protozoan parasites characterised by a two-way transmission route between domestic and wild carnivore species. In this second and final part, we focus our attention on parasitic diseases caused by helminth and arthropod parasites shared between domestic and wild canids and felids in Europe. While a complete understanding of the biology, ecology and epidemiology of these parasites is particularly challenging to achieve, especially given the complexity of the environments in which these diseases perpetuate, advancements in current knowledge of transmission routes is crucial to provide policy-makers with clear indications on strategies to reduce the impact of these diseases on changing ecosystems.

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Section: Thelazia Callipaedamentioning

confidence: 88%

The role of wild canids and felids in spreading parasites to dogs and cats in Europe. Part II: Helminths and arthropods

Otranto

Cantacessi

Dantas‐Torres

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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149

130

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“…Cats have been also implicated in clinical cases of ocular infections with T. callipaeda , with reports from Italy, France, Portugal and Switzerland [ 5 , 7 , 10 , 28 - 31 ]. Recent data suggest also the potential reservoir role of wildlife in natural transmission cycles of this spirurid [ 32 - 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further spreading of canine oriental eyeworm in Europe: first report of Thelazia callipaeda in Romania

et al. 2015

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BackgroundDespite the increasing number of reports of autochthonous cases of ocular thelaziosis in dogs in several European countries, and the evident emergence of human cases, the distribution and spreading potential of this parasite is far for being fully known. In Romania, despite intensive surveillance performed over recent years on the typical hosts of T. callipaeda, the parasite has not been found until now.MethodsIn October 2014 a German Shepherd was presented for consultation to a private veterinary practice from western Romania with a history of unilateral chronic conjunctivitis. Following a close examination of the affected eye, nematodes were noticed in the conjunctival sac. The specimens collected were used for morphological examination (light microscopy) and molecular analysis (amplification of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene, followed by sequencing).ResultsThirteen nematodes were collected, all identified morphologically as T. callipaeda. The history of the dog revealed no travel outside Romania, and during the last year, not even outside the home locality. The BLAST analysis of our sequence showed a 100% similarity T. callipaeda haplotype h1.ConclusionsThis is the first report of T. callipaeda in Romania, which we consider to be with autochthonous transmission. These findings confirm the spreading trend of T callipaeda and the increased risk of emerging vector-borne zoonoses.

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“…The first cases of thelaziosis in Portugal were reported in the North region of the country in 10 dogs and one cat (Rodrigues et al., ; Vieira et al., ; Pimenta et al., ) and afterwards in one cat from the Centre of Portugal (Soares et al., ), suggesting a southerly expansion in the vector distribution or even the introduction of infected hosts in areas where P. variegata had already been present. T. callipaeda infection has recently been detected in one fox from the municipality of Sabugal (Sargo et al., ), a Portuguese area contiguous to the Spanish provinces of Salamanca (on the east) and Cáceres (on the southeast), where dogs, foxes and one human have been found infected with T. callipaeda (Miró et al., ; Bello‐Gavete et al., ; Fuentes et al., ; Calero‐Bernal et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence ofThelazia callipaedaInfection in Dogs and Cats from East-Central Portugal

Maia

Catarino²,

Almeida

et al. 2014

Transbound Emerg Dis

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The eyeworm Thelazia callipaeda (Spirurida, Thelaziidae) infects domestic animals, wildlife and human beings, and is considered an emerging pathogen in Europe. This study aimed at investigating the prevalence and risk factors of T. callipaeda infection in dogs and cats from east-central Portugal, a region where the parasite was previously detected in two red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Thelazia callipaeda was found in 22 (3.8%) of 586 dogs and in four (23.5%) of 17 cats. A total of 178 adult worms (71.9% of females and 28.1% of males) were collected from the conjunctiva of the infected dogs. The number of worms collected per dog ranged from 1 to 35 (average ± standard deviation: 8.08 ± 9.49), with four dogs (18.2%) harbouring only a single parasite. Worms were gathered from dogs throughout all months of the year. A total of 17 adult worms (64.7% of females and 35.3% of males) were obtained from cats. The number of worms per cat ranged from 1 to 14 (4.3 ± 6.5), with three cats (75.0%) having a single parasite. Eyeworm infection was statistically more prevalent in pastoral and farm dogs, in those dogs with contact with other animals and in dogs with ocular manifestations. T. callipaeda is endemic in the east-central part of Portugal, reportedly infecting domestic (dogs and cats) and wild carnivores (red foxes) and evidencing a southerly dissemination. Future investigations should be focused on determining the local distribution and density of the insect vector (Phortica variegata) in this geographical area. This emergent zoonosis should be included by veterinarians, physicians and ophthalmologists in the differential diagnosis of ocular manifestations in their patients, particularly in areas where T. callipaeda is endemic.

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FIRST REPORT OFTHELAZIA CALLIPAEDAIN RED FOXES (VULPES VULPES) FROM PORTUGAL

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

The role of wild canids and felids in spreading parasites to dogs and cats in Europe. Part II: Helminths and arthropods

The role of wild canids and felids in spreading parasites to dogs and cats in Europe. Part II: Helminths and arthropods

Further spreading of canine oriental eyeworm in Europe: first report of Thelazia callipaeda in Romania

Emergence ofThelazia callipaedaInfection in Dogs and Cats from East-Central Portugal

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