First Report of <i>Pseudonectria buxi</i> Causing Leaf and Stem Blight on Boxwood in Santa Catarina, Brazil

Boxwood (Buxus spp.) is the most commonly cultivated woody ornamental shrubs in landscape settings and nursery production. Boxwood is grown for its attractive evergreen foliage and versatility in both formal and informal gardens. Meeting the high demand for boxwood plants worldwide has become challenging in recent years as the boxwood industry has been negatively impacted by a growing number of serious diseases and arthropod pests. Globally, the most common arthropods of concern are boxwood leafminer (Monarthropalpus flavus, Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), boxwood psyllid (Psylla buxi; Hemiptera; Psyllidae), Eurytetranychus buxi (Acari: Tetranychidae) and the invasive moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Moreover, major diseases of boxwood include boxwood blight (Calonectria pseudonaviculata, Hypocreales: Nectriaceae), Volutella blight (Pseudonectria buxi, Hypocreales: Nectriaceae), and Phytophthora root and crown rot (Phytophthora spp., Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae). These pests and diseases can lead to significant economic losses to growers and can decimate plants in landscape settings. Here we have reviewed recent research advances focused on the description and management of boxwood arthropod pests and diseases. Boxwood arthropod pests and diseases can be managed by implementing integrated arthropod pest and disease management strategies such as sanitary and cultural practices, genetic resistant cultivars, biological and chemical control methods. This information is provided to aid nursery producers, landscape industry professionals, and other stakeholders in developing integrated arthropod pest and disease management plans for boxwood.

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Arthropod and Disease Management in Boxwood Production

Dhakal

Bika

Ghimire

et al. 2022

Journal of Integrated Pest Management

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First Report of Pseudonectria buxi Causing Volutella Blight on Boxwood in Czech Republic

et al. 2019

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A Diagnostic Guide for Volutella Blight Affecting Buxaceae

Yang

Castroagudín

Daughtrey

et al. 2021

Plant Health Progress

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Volutella blight is a common disease of species in the plant family Buxaceae, specifically boxwood, pachysandra and sarcococca. Despite the disease has been consistently found over the past 150 years in all continents except for Antarctica, there are numerous complications in its etiology, signs and symptoms, and taxonomy, morphology, isolation, and preservation methods of its causal pathogens. For example, one of the two pathogens causing Volutella blight on boxwood, Pseudonectria buxi, has gone by at least 25 names including Volutella buxi and P. rousseliana, since its original description in 1815. The other Volutella blight pathogen on boxwood, P. foliicola, was not described until 2015. Although Coccinonectria pachysandricola, previously named as V. pachysandricola, has been known as a pathogen of pachysandra since 1944, it is only recently found in 2019 that the same pathogen can infect sarcococca. In this diagnostic guide, we provide a comprehensive review on the taxonomy, symptoms, host range, distribution, isolation, identification, storage, and pathogenicity test of the Volutella blight disease and these three causal pathogens. New data, such as previously unreported perithecial morphological characters of P. buxi and a unique sporodochia-forming pattern of C. pachysandricola, are also provided in this guide. Furthermore, a detailed comparison of diagnostic traits of three major fungal diseases on boxwood, namely Volutella blight, boxwood blight, and boxwood dieback, is included. This guide aims at providing integrated information to aid the diagnosis of Volutella blight and facilitating new research to advance our knowledge of this old, but under-studied disease.

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First Report of Pseudonectria buxi Causing Leaf and Stem Blight on Boxwood in Santa Catarina, Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Arthropod and Disease Management in Boxwood Production

Arthropod and Disease Management in Boxwood Production

First Report of Pseudonectria buxi Causing Volutella Blight on Boxwood in Czech Republic

A Diagnostic Guide for Volutella Blight Affecting Buxaceae

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