First Report of <i>Phytophthora palmivora</i> Causing Black Pod on a <i>Herrania</i> sp. in Brazil

Decloquement, Jennifer; Ramos-Sobrinho, Roberto; Britto, Dahyana; Reis, Ailton; Honorato-Júnior, Jaime; Pinho, D. B.; Marelli, Jean-Philippe

doi:10.1094/pdis-07-18-1287-pdn

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Both isolates produced oospores when paired with A2 standard isolates, but not with A1 isolates and in pure cultures, being identified as P. palmivora of the mating type A1. These findings confirm the heterothalic condition of the isolates and agree with other works that the A1 mating type of P. palmivora is the most common in Brazil [31][32][33]. The phylogenetic analysis based upon the ITS and COX2 genomic regions positioned Phytophthora isolates from azalea together with P. palmivora and close to P. quercetorum as in Martin et al 2014 [20], confirming the species identity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Morphologic, molecular, and pathogenic characterization of Phytophthora palmivora isolates causing flower rot on azalea

et al. 2020

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The objective of this work was to characterize two Phytophthora palmivora isolates causing floral blight and rot in azalea plants and to evaluate the pathogenicity of this oomycete pathogen on several plant species. Azalea plants with symptoms of flower blight and rot were obtained in the municipality of Holambra-SP. After an attempt of isolation, colonies with Phytophthora characteristics grown only on selective V8 medium. Molecular identification of the isolates was done by amplification and sequencing of ITS and COX2 regions. In the phylogenetic analysis, the azalea isolates clustered with reference isolates of P. palmivora. Morphological characteristics were similar to those described for P. palmivora. Isolates were inoculated in healthy azalea plants and caused leaf blight and floral rot. The pathogen was re-isolated from symptomatic plants completing Koch's postulates. In a host range test, the azalea isolates were able to cause lesions on leaves of vinca, snapdragon, basil, and tomato, and affected both leaves and flowers of geranium. Fruit rot was observed on tomato, potato, sweet pepper, scarlet eggplant, zucchini, cucumber, maroon cucumber, onion, apple, papaya, guava, and carrot. This is the first report of the species P. palmivora causing flower blight and rot in azalea plants in Brazil and probably in the world.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Morphologic, molecular, and pathogenic characterization of Phytophthora palmivora isolates causing flower rot on azalea

et al. 2020

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“…Phytophthora palmivora has been reported infecting a broad range of hosts in different botanical families (Zentmyer et al, 1973;Erwin and Ribeiro, 1996;Luz et al, 2001;Puig et al, 2021). In Brazil, this pathogen is infecting Annona squamosa, Bactris gasipaes, Carica papaya, Citrus sp., Cocos nucifera, Ficus carica, Herrania sp., Hevea brasiliensis, Solanum lycopersicum, Piper nigrum, T. cacao, and T. grandiflorum (Erwin and Ribeiro, 1996;Luz et al, 2001;Decloquement et al, 2019;Lopes et al, 2019). Recent studies suggest that the host jump of P. palmivora from cacao to other plant species was mainly due to the international marketing of cacao seedlings, pods and seeds (Wang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Petri dishes were incubated at 20 • C in natural daylight and morphological characteristics were observed after 24 h. The formation of clamidospores, and their features, was examined from 30-day-old colonies grown on water-agar (WA) at 20 • C in the dark. The mating types were determined by individually pairing the 50 isolates with A1 and A2 tester strains of P. capsici and P. nicotianae on CA media, kept in the dark for 15 days at 25 ± 1 • C. The isolate CCUB1089, previously identified as P. palmivora A1 mating type (Decloquement et al, 2019), was 3 www.inkscape.org also used in the pairing tests. Further, each self-sterile isolate was paired with all isolates reported in this study, and with A1 and A2 mating types of P. capsici, P. nicotianae, P. palmivora, and P. citrophthora on Petri dishes containing clarified V8 juice agar, 2% malt-extract-agar (MEA), potato-dextrose-agar (PDA), WA or CA media, with or without β-sitosterol.…”

Section: Morphological and Cultural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytophthora theobromicola sp. nov.: A New Species Causing Black Pod Disease on Cacao in Brazil

et al. 2021

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Black pod disease, caused by Phytophthora species, is among the main limiting factors of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) production. High incidence levels of black pod disease have been reported in Brazil, being induced by Phytophthora capsici, Phytophthora citrophthora, Phytophthora heveae, and Phytophthora palmivora. To assess the diversity of Phytophthora species affecting cacao in Brazil, 40 new isolates were obtained from cacao pods exhibiting symptoms of black pod disease collected in different smallholder farms in 2017. Further, ten cacao-infecting isolates morphologically identified as P. citrophthora and P. palmivora were molecularly characterized. The genomic regions beta-tubulin, elongation factor 1 alpha, heat shock protein 90, and internal transcribed spacer, and the mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I and II genes were PCR-amplified and Sanger-sequenced from the cacao-infecting Phytophthora isolates. The morphological characterization and evaluation of the mycelial growth rates for the Phytophthora isolates were performed in vitro. Based on the molecular analysis and morphological comparisons, 19 isolates were identified as P. palmivora (clade 4). Interestingly, 31 isolates grouped together in the phylogenetic tree and were placed apart from previously known species in Phytophthora clade 2. Therefore, these isolates are considered as a new species herein referred to as Phytophthora theobromicola sp. nov., which produced papillate, semipapillate, and persistent sporangia on simple sporangiophores. The P. palmivora isolates were identified as A1 mating type by pairing each isolate with known A1 and A2 tester strains of P. capsici, but no oogonia/antheridia were observed when P. theobromicola was paired with the different tester strains. The P. theobromicola and P. citrophthora isolates showed higher mycelial growth rates, when compared to P. palmivora, on different media at 10, 15, and 20°C, but similar values were observed when grown on clarified CA media at 25 and 30°C. The pathogenicity tests carried out on pods of four cacao clones (CCN51, PS1319, Cepec2004, and CP49) showed significant variability among the isolates of both Phytophthora species, with P. theobromicola inducing higher rates of necrotic lesion expansion, when compared to P. palmivora. Here, two Phytophthora species were found associated with black pod disease in the state of Bahia, Brazil, and the previously undescribed P. theobromicola seems to be prevalent in field conditions. This is the first report of P. theobromicola on T. cacao. Also, these findings are crucial to improve the disease control strategies, and for the development of cacao materials genetically resistant to Phytophthora.

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Phytophthora palmivora (coconut budrot)

2022

CABI Compendium

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First Report of Phytophthora palmivora Causing Black Pod on a Herrania sp. in Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Morphologic, molecular, and pathogenic characterization of Phytophthora palmivora isolates causing flower rot on azalea

Morphologic, molecular, and pathogenic characterization of Phytophthora palmivora isolates causing flower rot on azalea

Phytophthora theobromicola sp. nov.: A New Species Causing Black Pod Disease on Cacao in Brazil

Phytophthora palmivora (coconut budrot)

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