First Report of <i>Garlic virus A</i> in Garlic From India

Gawande, S. J.; Gurav, V. S.; Ingle, A. A.; Gopal, J.

doi:10.1094/pdis-11-14-1210-pdn

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…RT-PCR with specific primers was carried out to confirm the presence of AGVd [ 38 ], HSVd [ 38 ], GYSVd1 [ 39 ], GLRAV1 [ 40 ], GFLV [ 23 ], GDefV [ 41 ], ArMV [ 42 ], GRBV [ 43 ], GVA [ 44 ], AMV [ 45 ] and GarV-A [ 46 ] in grapevine tissue. Genome coverage of the selected viruses or viroids ranged from 10 to 100% of the reference genome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of High-Throughput Sequencing for Comprehensive Virome Profiling in Grapevines Shows Yellows in Iran

Gholampour,

Zakiaghl,

Asquini

et al. 2024

Viruses

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A comprehensive study on the whole spectrum of viruses and viroids in five Iranian grapevine cultivars was carried out using sRNA libraries prepared from phloem tissue. A comparison of two approaches to virus detection from sRNAome data indicated a significant difference in the results and performance of the aligners in viral genome reconstruction. The results showed a complex virome in terms of viral composition, abundance, and richness. Thirteen viruses and viroids were identified in five Iranian grapevine cultivars, among which the grapevine red blotch virus and grapevine satellite virus were detected for the first time in Iranian vineyards. Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV1) and grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) were highly dominant in the virome. However, their frequency and abundance were somewhat different among grapevine cultivars. The results revealed a mixed infection of GLRaV1/grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (GYSVd1) and GFLV/GYSVd1 in grapevines that exhibited yellows and vein banding. We also propose a threshold of 14% of complete reconstruction as an appropriate threshold for detection of grapevine viruses that can be used as indicators for reliable grapevine virome profiling or in quarantine stations and certification programs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of High-Throughput Sequencing for Comprehensive Virome Profiling in Grapevines Shows Yellows in Iran

Gholampour,

Zakiaghl,

Asquini

et al. 2024

Viruses

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“…The study also discovered that the import of onion and garlic seed/propagating material from neighboring countries such as China (Chen et al, 2004), India (Gawande et al, 2015) and Iran (Shahraeen et al, 2008) affect the production in Pakistan because of frequent viral infection reports in these countries (Baghalian et al, 2010;Sevik, 2018;Prajapati et al, 2022). Furthermore, numerous countries used certified seed program just focused on OYDV elimination from the seed, that's why propagation material trade may or may not be completely virus free and might hold some other viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and distribution of major RNA viruses infecting onion and garlic crops in Punjab, Pakistan

Hamza,

Ashfaq,

Riaz

et al. 2023

Emir J Food Agric

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Onion (Allium cepa L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) are significant bulbous vegetables well known for their kitchen and medicinal values across the globe including Pakistan. Allium crops are highly vulnerable to many notorious RNA viruses fit in different genera viz., Allexivirus, Potyvirus, Tospovirus and Carlavirus. These viruses are known to inflict colossal and havoc yield losses up to 50% in allium crops wherever they grown. The occurrence of allium viruses in Pakistan has already been reported, but in single crop and only a few studies describe their incidence and distribution. The study examined the current scenario and distribution of major RNA viruses infecting Allium crops in Punjab, Pakistan. Field surveys were carried out in 14 districts of Punjab province as well as capital territory Islamabad of Pakistan, for two consecutive growing seasons (2019 and 2020). The 3000 leaf samples collected, 1675 samples (Onion 791, Garlic 884) were found positive for RNA viruses by using specie specific DAS-ELISA and further confirmed through reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results revealed the presence of RNA viruses with overall disease incidence of 52.7% and the highest disease incidence was observed as Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) 58% following Irish yellow spot virus (IYSV) 41.8% respectively in onion crop during 2019-2020. Similarly, in garlic crop overall disease incidence of RNA viruses was noticed as 58.9% and the highest disease incidence of OYDV was observed as 45%, following IYSV 32.4% and GarV-C 22.5% respectively during 2019-2020. Comparatively, disease incidence and geographical distribution of viruses was variable in surveyed regions of both crops during surveyed period, whereas OYDV and IYSV were most prevalent viruses infecting onion and garlic crops and GarV-C found only in garlic. The current study also concluded the importance to disseminate the information/awareness among the farmers regarding viral diseases and their management by using different strategies including use of resistant genotypes. Keywords: Allium crops; RNA viruses; ELISA; RT-PCR; Disease incidence; Virus distribution

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“…Ten garlic-infecting viruses, namely GCLV, IYSV, LYSV, OYDV, SLV, GarV-D, GarV-A, GarV-C, GarV-X, and GarV-B, have been reported in India [ 13 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Virus-free material can be easily exploited for planting material production in India; however, a national variety of virus-free garlic bulbs is unavailable to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Virus-free material can be easily exploited for planting material production in India; however, a national variety of virus-free garlic bulbs is unavailable to date. All Indian garlic cultivars are infected by a virus complex [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], and planting material transportation within the country plays a vital role in spreading viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Elimination of Viruses from Garlic Using a Combination of Shoot Meristem Culture, Thermotherapy, and Chemical Treatment

et al. 2023

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Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a clonally propagated bulbous crop and can be infected by several viruses under field conditions. A virus complex reduces garlic yield and deteriorates the quality of the produce. In the present study, we aimed to eliminate Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV), Garlic common latent virus (GCLV), Shallot latent virus (SLV), and Allexiviruses from the infected crop using combination of meristem culture, thermotherapy, and chemotherapy. In this study, seven different treatments, namely shoot meristem culture, thermotherapy direct culture, chemotherapy direct culture, chemotherapy + meristem culture, thermotherapy + meristem culture, thermotherapy + chemotherapy direct culture, and thermotherapy + chemotherapy + meristem culture (TCMC), were used. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect virus elimination, which revealed the percentage of virus-free plants was between 65 and 100%, 55 and 100%, and 13 and 100% in the case of GCLV, SLV, and OYDV, respectively. The in vitro regeneration efficiency was between 66.06 and 98.98%. However, the elimination of Allexiviruses could not be achieved. TCMC was the most effective treatment for eliminating GCLV, SLV, and OYDV from garlic, with 66.06% plant regeneration efficiency. The viral titre of the Allexivirus under all the treatments was monitored using real-time PCR, and the lowest viral load was observed in the TCMC treatment. The present study is the first to report the complete removal of GCLV, SLV, and OYDV from Indian red garlic with the application of thermotherapy coupled with chemotherapy and shoot meristem culture.

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First Report of Garlic virus A in Garlic From India

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Application of High-Throughput Sequencing for Comprehensive Virome Profiling in Grapevines Shows Yellows in Iran

Application of High-Throughput Sequencing for Comprehensive Virome Profiling in Grapevines Shows Yellows in Iran

Current status and distribution of major RNA viruses infecting onion and garlic crops in Punjab, Pakistan

Efficient Elimination of Viruses from Garlic Using a Combination of Shoot Meristem Culture, Thermotherapy, and Chemical Treatment

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