First Report ofEumerus mucidus(Diptera: Syrphidae) onCistanche armena(Orobanchaceae) and from Armenia

Abstract

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A new species of phytophagous flower fly (Diptera, Syrphidae), feeding on holoparasitic broomrape plants (Orobanchaceae) for the first time in Europe

“…Above all, coloration of legs and legs pilosity differs deeply: completely black with black pilosity in E. larvatus sp. nov. while in the other species present some yellowish areas, at least in the connection parts of the legs with predominantly whitish, greyish, or yellowish pilosity (Mutin and Barkalov 2018;Piwowarczyk and Mielczarek 2018). This morphological uniqueness has been also supported by molecular data of the COI gene information, which clearly separates this new described species from the rest of species of the tricolor group.…”

What do Eumerus Meigen larvae feed on? New immature stages of three species (Diptera: Syrphidae) breeding in different plants

“…Gu et al 2016;Li et al 2018). One of the Cistanche species could even be of significant economic importance in conservation and governmental purposes as it is endemic to a very restricted area of Armenia and E. mucidus feeds inside this unique F O R A P P R O V A L plant, compromising its performance and survival in the wild (Piwowarczyk et al 2019;Piwowarczyk and Mielczarek 2018). Even though many of the Eumerus species lack of a wellknown life cycle, the implications of the interactions they stablish may be of major relevance.…”

“…Eumerus is commonly known to associate with geophytes (Piwowarczyk and Mielczarek 2018;Rotheray and Gilbert 1999;Speight et al 2013). However, the literature record shows that some Eumerus species are very polyphagous, feeding inside a wide range of plants and tissues, not only underground ones, and some others have a more restricted and specific list of host plants.…”

“…Since 2017, some new species of Eumerus have been described (Chroni et al 2018;Ricarte et al 2018;Grković et al 2019a, b), not including new descriptions of early stages. Only Piwowarczyk and Mielczarek (2018) reported for the first time an interaction between larvae of Eumerus mucidus Bezzi 1921 and the parasitic plant Cistanche armena (K. Koch) M.V. Agab.…”

A new species of the genus Eumerus Meigen, 1822 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Turkmenistan

“…The genus Eumerus Meigen, 1822 unites nearly 300 species, which live mainly in arid and semiarid regions of Eurasia and Africa (Stackelberg, 1961;Peck, 1988;Speight, 2016;Smit et al, 2017;Pape & Evenhuis, 2019). The larvae of these hoverflies breed usually in bulbs and other succulent organs of the angiosperms, and some are known as pests of cultivated plants (Pérez-Bañón & Marcos-García, 1998;Ricarte et al, 2017;Piwowarczyk & Mielczarek, 2018). The species diversity of the genus is the main reason of increased attention from taxonomists (Grković et al, 2015(Grković et al, , 2017Chroni et al, 2018;Grković et al, 2019a, b).…”