First report of entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia): pathogenicity to egg, larvae, and adult of Culex quinquefasciatus

Abstract

Abstract. Ramayanti I, Herlinda S, Muslim A, Hasyim H. 2022. First report of entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia): pathogenicity to egg, larvae, and adult of Culex quinquefasciatus. Biodiversitas 23: 5695-5702. Mosquito control has currently used many biocontrol agents, such as entomopathogenic fungi. So, the study aimed to determine the pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra to the eggs, larvae, and adults of Culex quinquefasciatus. The fungal isolates used were eight isolates from South Sumatra and have been identified molecularly. The fungal species that were the most pathogenic to the eggs of Cx. quinquefasciatus were Beauveria bassiana (BSwTd4, TaLmME, TaPsBA isolates), Metarhizium anisopliae (MSwTp3 isolate), Penicillium citrinum (BKbTp isolate), and Talaromyces diversus (MSwTp1 isolate). The Cx. quinquefasciatus eggs infected with the fungus not only could kill the eggs but also could continue to kill the emerging larvae, pupae, and adult. This is the first record that B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, P. citrinum, and T. diversus from South Sumatera Indonesia were pathogenic to the eggs of Cx. quinquefasciatus and had ovicidal activity. The most pathogenic fungal species to the larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus were M. anisopliae (MSwTp3 isolate) and B. bassiana (BSwTd4 and TaLmME isolates). Three species of entomopathogenic fungi that were the most pathogenic to the adults of Cx. quinquefasciatus were M. anisopliae (MSwTp3 isolate), B. bassiana (BSwTd4 and TaLmME isolates), and P. citrinum (BKbTp isolate). Finally, The entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra have the negative effect on Cx. quinquefasciatus growth. The entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra have potential to be developed as the ovicide, larvicide, and adulticide. The future application of the fungi against the mosquito eggs, larvae, and adults can be used an ovitrap, fungal spores formulated in a synthetic oil, and fungus-impregnated black cloths, respectively.

Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi to eggs, larvae, and adults and their effects on development of Aedes albopictus

“…albopictus larvae. The mortality rate of larvae treated with fungi in the present research was higher than in previous researches (Ramayanti et al 2022;2023) because broth fungal culture enriched with liquid compost was used in this study. The liquid compost can increase the fungal pathogenicity (Suwandi et al 2018).…”

“…Previous studies indicated that entomopathogenic fungi were promising candidates for the control of immature stages and adult of Culex (Greenfield et al 2015;Ramayanti et al 2022), Aedes (Alkhaibari et al 2016;Quintero-Zapata et al 2022;Ramayanti et al 2023), and Anopheles mosquitoes (Valero-Jiménez et al 2014;Vivekanandhan et al 2022). Entomopathogenic fungi are the most commonly used for the control of Aedes mosquitoes (Greenfield et al 2015), and some species of them have been reported to be effective in killing the larvae of Ae.…”

“…albopictus eggs (Flor-Weiler et al 2017). The entomopathogenic fungi from Indonesia, particularly from South Sumatra, have been reported to be effective in killing eggs, larvae, and adults of Culex quinquefasciatus (Ramayanti et al 2022) and Aedes aegypti (Ramayanti et al 2023). No information is available regarding the effect of fungi on the development of Ae.…”

Effect of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on the growth of Spodoptera frugiperda by seed inoculation

“…Furthermore, eggs exposed to B. bassiana and M. anisopliae killed eggs directly. They could continue to kill the emerging larvae, pupae, and adults of Culex quinquefasciatus Say 1823 (Ramayanti et al 2022) and Aedes aegypti Linnaeus 1762 (Ramayanti et al 2023).…”

Efficacy of bio-pesticide Lecanicillium lecanii against soybean-sucking bugs Riptortus linearis during field application

“…During field application, the efficacy of fungus can also be increased by adding surfactants to the fungal suspension. Ramayanti et al (2022) suggested using synthetic oil surfactants in entomopathogenic fungi applications. No studies have examined the efficacy of L. lecanii in regulating the soybean pod-sucking bugs R. linearis using the addition of alkylaryl polyglycol ethers and alkyl glycerol phthalates synthetic oil.…”