First Report of Concomitant Tinea Faciei and Pityriasis Folliculorum: A Dermatomicrobiological Rarity

Abstract

Tinea faciei (TF) is a common dermatomicrobiological condition caused by dermatophytes involving the skin of the face but not the mustache and beard (Tinea barbae). It poses a diagnostic dilemma with its atypical clinical presentation. Pityriasis folliculorum (PF) is a dermatological condition that results in rosacea-like skin eruptions. It was previously associated with a human ectoparasitic infestation. Demodex mites (Demodex folliculorum) is a group of obligate parasites that live on the skin of mammals. These mites have been associated with various dermatological disorders, clinically termed as demodicosis. Insects have been described as potential vectors that can carry various microorganisms and especially spores of fungi. Hence, infestation by such insects may aggravate the already present skin condition, leading to secondary infections. There has been a change in the trend of dermatophytosis worldwide and infections caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale (T. interdigitale) are increasing. Hence, there is an urgent need for a thorough investigation of an infectious etiology among various skin disorders. This is the first report of concomitant Tinea faciei and Pityriasis folliculorum involving facial skin.

Comparison of the efficacy of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil with other current pharmacological management in human demodicosis: A Systematic Review

“…(Hwang et al, 1998) Sub-anti-microbial dosing of doxycycline, e.g. 20 mg twice a day or 40 mg daily, was likely as effective or more effective than antimicrobial doses (⩾50 mg per day), in decreasing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and downregulating the production of ROS (Wise, 2007), but with much fewer adverse effects such as nausea, diarrhoea and lower the risk of developing bacteria resistance (van Zuuren et al, 2015;Asai et al, 2016). The adverse effects of doxycycline include oesophageal erosion, gastrointestinal discomfort and photosensitivity (Smith and Leyden, 2005).…”

“…Moreover, in S. aureus , autolysin activity of TTO was demonstrated due to the release of membrane-bound cell wall autolytic enzymes that resulted in cell death (Carson et al ., 2002). TTO nanoparticles can enter various cells more efficiently through the extracellular matrix, by releasing the TTO into fungus (Souza et al ., 2017) and Pseudomonas biofilms (Comin et al ., 2016) resulting in the enhancement of antimicrobial effect (Rai et al ., 2017), as some of the Demodex species are associated with opportunistic Pseudomonas and fungal infections (Abu-Samra and Shuaib, 2014; Vanam et al ., 2018).…”