First report of Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum infecting almonds in Tunisia

Khalifa, M. Ben; Fakhfakh, H.

doi:10.1007/s12600-011-0166-4

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Recently, it has been demonstrated how both putative species of the C. pruni complex can transmit and spread the pathogen ( Marie-Jeanne et al 2020 ). Over the past two decades, ESFY has been detected in most southern and central European countries, Middle East and North Africa ( Sertkaya et al 2005 , Marcone et al 2010 , Ben Khalifa et al 2011 , Cieślińska 2011 , Tedeschi et al 2013 , Allahverdi et al 2014 , Valasevich and Schneider 2016 , Warabieda et al 2017 , Andrianjaka-Camps et al 2018 , Jarausch et al 2019 , Riedle-Bauer et al 2019b ), thus being one of the most serious pests in European stone fruit production and a potential threat for fruit crops worldwide, causing important economic damage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First systematic inventory of the jumping plant lice of Luxembourg (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Psylloidea)

Rapisarda¹,

Weigand²,

Eickermann³

2022

BDJ

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Psyllids (superfamily Psylloidea), also known as jumping plant lice, are a group of plant-sap sucking Hemiptera having significant pest status for crops, forest trees and ornamental plants. Only seven species of psyllids have been recorded in Luxembourg so far. An additional group of seven species has been recorded exclusively, based on the findings of their galls or specific plant deformations; but no mention exists in literature on the actual collection of the inducing insect in Luxembourg. To fill this knowledge gap, field collections were carried out during the years 2019-2020. In addition, samples from 1999-2000 stored in the wet collection of the Musée National d’Histoire Naturelle de Luxembourg were studied. This research, in combination with information coming from literature, allowed us to list 48 species of the families Aphalaridae (5 species), Liviidae (5), Psyllidae (24) and Triozidae (14), though the presence of one species within the last family (Trioza rhamni) needs to be confirmed. Brief information on geographical distribution, biology and (if available) illustrations of diagnostic characters are provided on the psyllid species detected in Luxembourg so far.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First systematic inventory of the jumping plant lice of Luxembourg (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Psylloidea)

Rapisarda¹,

Weigand²,

Eickermann³

2022

BDJ

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“…Known vectors of Phytoplasma pyri are C. pyricola , C. pyri, and C. pyrisuga (Jensen et al 1964, Lemoine 1991, Riedle-Bauer et al 2022). The pathogen is found in pear-growing regions of North America, Europe, Africa, and Asia (Eleftheriou and Tamoutseli 1985, Jarausch and Dosba 1995, Lee et al 1995, Davies and Adams 2000, Ben Khalifa et al 2007, Liu et al 2011). Although resistant rootstock now protects trees from long-term infection, 20–30% of pear psyllids in North America and Europe still harbor the pathogen, with the highest incidence of infection in overwintered psyllids (Camerota et al 2012, Cooper et al 2017, Riedle-Bauer et al 2022).…”

Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, biology, and management of the pear psyllids: a global look

Civolani,

Soroker,

Cooper

et al. 2023

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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The pear psyllids (Cacopsylla Ossiannilsson; Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Psyllidae) are a taxonomically difficult group of at least 24 species native to the Palaearctic region. One or more species occur in most pear-growing regions, in some cases as invasive introductions. Existing reviews of this group are primarily of taxonomic focus with limited overviews of biology. The earliest biological studies of the pear psyllids centered on a core group of a few western European species. In part, this focus arose because diversity of the pear psyllids was poorly understood. As taxonomic understanding has advanced over the last 3 decades, research has expanded taxonomically. Increasing difficulties in controlling the pear psyllids additionally has contributed to growth in research. Here, we review a now-extensive literature on diversity, biology, and management of the pear psyllids. Three broad observations emerged from this synthesis. First, large gaps in biological understanding of the pear psyllids persist for several geographic faunas, most notably for psyllids of the Eastern Palaearctic region. Second, taxonomic diversity is accompanied by biological diversity. Despite the commonality in host use among the pear psyllids, with each species being limited to development on Pyrus, striking differences exist among species in life cycles, wintering, and other biological traits. Third, many of the tools being used to manage pear psyllids today are in existence because of the long history of basic research which has targeted these pests. These tools include new insecticides of higher selectivity, various cultural and horticultural tactics, and practices that conserve natural enemies in orchards.

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“…AP disease is primarily known in Europe and was first described in Italy (Rui et al, 1950). Later, AP was reported in Turkey (Canik & Ertunc, 2007) and Tunisia (Ben khalifa et al, 2008). The AP agent is reported to affect almost all apple varieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Note Detection of 16S rDNA of ‘CandidatusPhytoplasma mali’ in plum decline in Tunisia

Khalifa

Fakhfakh

2011

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' was detected, for the first time, in plum (Prunus domestica L.) trees, with symptoms of plum decline in Tunisia. Infected trees showed leaf browning, leaf and fruit wilting followed by tree death in a few weeks. Phytoplasma was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using universal phytoplasma primer pairs P1/P7. A band with expected size was observed in samples collected from symptomatic, but not symptomless, plum trees. PCR using group-specific primers yielded a band of 1050 bp with 16SrX group specific primers fO1/rO1. Universal PCR products (1.8 kb) were used for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) after digestion with endonuclease SspI. RFLP patterns obtained were similar to those previously reported for the Apple Proliferation phytoplasma (AP, 16SrX-A), the causal agent of apple proliferation disease. Blast analysis revealed that universal PCR sequences obtained from the infected Tunisian plums were identical and had the highest identity (99%) with the sequence of 'Ca. Phytoplasma mali'. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA gene sequences showed that the plum decline phytoplasma strain from Tunisia clustered with 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' strains. This is the first report on detection of 16S rDNA of 'Ca. Phytoplasma mali' in plum decline in Tunisia. Résumé:Candidatus Phytoplasma mali a été détecté pour la première fois sur les pruniers (Malus domestica L.) par l'apparition des symptômes du dépérissement en Tunisie. Chez les arbres infectés, les feuilles brunissaient puis ces dernières ainsi que les fruits flétrissaient et, au bout de quelques semaines, les arbres mouraient. Phytoplasma a été détecté par réaction en chaîne de la polymérase (PCR) au moyen de pairs P1/P7 d'amorces universelles spécifiques des phytoplasmes. Une bande de largeur attendue a été observée dans les échantillons collectés sur des pruniers symptomatiques, mais pas sans symptômes. La méthode PCR avec amorces spécifiques du groupe a produit une bande de 1 050 bp avec les amorces f01/r01 spécifiques du groupe 16SrX. Les produits (1,8 kb) de la PCR universelle ont servi à l'analyse du polymorphisme de longueur des fragments de restriction (RFLP) après digestion par endonucléase SspI. Les motifs obtenus de l'analyse RFLP étaient semblables à ceux rapportés pour le phytoplasme de la prolifération du pommier (AP, 16SrX-A), agent causal de la prolifération du pommier. L'analyse BLAST a révélé que les séquences, obtenues par PCR universelle, des pruniers tunisiens infectés étaient identiques et possédaient le taux d'identité le plus élevé (99%) par rapport à la séquence du Ca. Phytoplasma mali. L'analyse phylogénétique, basée sur les séquences du gène 16S de l'ADN-r a montré que les souches tunisiennes responsables du dépérissement du prunier appartiennent au même groupe que Candidatus Phytoplasma mali. Il s'agit du premier rapport traitant de la détection du gène16S de l'ADN-r de Ca. Phytoplasma mali quant au dépérissement du prunier en Tunisie.

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First report of Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum infecting almonds in Tunisia

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

First systematic inventory of the jumping plant lice of Luxembourg (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Psylloidea)

First systematic inventory of the jumping plant lice of Luxembourg (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Psylloidea)

Diversity, biology, and management of the pear psyllids: a global look

Note Detection of 16S rDNA of ‘CandidatusPhytoplasma mali’ in plum decline in Tunisia

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