First report of Camellia oleifera leaf blight caused by Nigrospora chinensis

Qin, Shaozhao; Chen, Xiaoyulong; Zhou, Xiaohui; Zhao, Jin; Baccelli, Ivan; Cernava, Tomislav

doi:10.1007/s42161-021-00793-6

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Many different pathogenic fungi can cause these diseases (He, 2016). Leaf spots often lead to the destruction of over 50% of the infected leaves, resulting in serious economic losses (Lu et al, 2019;Qin et al, 2021;Hao et al, 2022;Yu et al, 2022). So far, we have identified 28 pathogenic fungi (excluding anthracnose and soft rot) that can cause C. oleifera leaf spot (Table 1).…”

Section: Current Occurrence Of Major Fungal Diseases Of Camellia Olei...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress and management strategies of fungal diseases in Camellia oleifera

Chen,

He,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Camellia oleifera Abel, a woody oil plant, that is endemic to China. Tea oil, also referred to as “oriental olive oil,” is a superior quality plant-based cooking oil. The production of tea oil accounts for 8% of the total edible vegetable oil production in the country. Since 2022, the annual output value of C. oleifera industry has exceeded 100 billion yuan, making it one of the major economic contributors to China’s rural revitalization development strategy. In recent years, demand and production have grown in parallel. However, this has led to an increase in the incidence levels of pest and diseases. Pests and diseases significantly reduce the quality and yield of C. oleifera. C. oleifera diseases are mainly caused by pathogenic fungi. C. oleifera anthracnose, soft rot, leaf spot, coal stain, leaf gall disease, and root rot are the most important fungal diseases affecting the C. oleifera industry. However, the same disease may be caused by different pathogenic fungi. C. oleifera can be found in half of China and is found in several climatic zones. The geographical distribution of woody plant diseases is consistent with the distribution of the tree species and the ecology of the range, which also results in a highly complex distribution of fungal diseases of C. oleifera. The management of fungal diseases in C. oleifera is extremely challenging due to the variety of pathogenic fungal species, multiple routes of transmission, the lack of resistant plants, and the environmental safety of chemical measures. The optimal strategy for addressing fungal diseases in C. oleifera is to develop and apply an integrated disease management plan. This review provides a brief overview of the pathogenic species, pathogenesis, pathogenesis, geographical distribution, current management strategies, and potentially new methods of C. oleifera fungal diseases, to provide direction for the development of comprehensive management measures for C. oleifera fungal diseases in the future.

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Section: Current Occurrence Of Major Fungal Diseases Of Camellia Olei...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress and management strategies of fungal diseases in Camellia oleifera

Chen,

He,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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First Report of Nigrospora chinensis Causing Dragon Fruit (Selenicereus monacanthus) Stem Spot in China

Guo,

Zeng,

Jiang

2024

Plant Disease

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Dragon fruit (Selenicereus monacanthus), renowned for its economic value and dual utility in both culinary and medicinal applications, is predominantly cultivated in China. In July 2023, a stem spot disease was found on dragon fruit (“Zi honglong” cultivar) plants with 37% incidence, in Huajiang Town (N25°40′, E105°39′), Guanling County, Anshun City, Guizhou Province. The symptoms appeared as yellow spots surrounded by watery stains, then the spots expanded to suborbicular, which finally led stem to wither. Twelve symptomatic stem samples were collected in a 1.3-hectare plantation and cut into small pieces (5 mm × 5 mm), sterilized the surface with 75% ethanol for 30 seconds, washed 3 times with disinfected distilled water, moved to potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, and incubated at 28°C for 5 days. Once the mycelium had developed, they were transferred to another PDA medium and cultured at 28°C for a period of 3–5 days. Totally fifteen identical strains were isolated, their colonies were white and round in shape; hyphae were smooth, hyaline; conidia were globose or subglobose, smooth, aseptate, 5.8–11.9 × 4.2–10.6 μm (av. = 8.8 × 7.4 μm, n = 30), light brown in early stage and gradually turning black over time; sterile cells were terminal on hyphae, pale to dark brown, uhceiform or oval, 17.5–21.6 × 4.6–8.7 μm (av. = 19.4 × 5.8 μm, n = 30). The morphologic characteristics of the isolates matched Nigrospora chinensis described by Wang et al. (2017). The PCR amplification was carried out by 3 primers ITS1/ITS4 (Vilgalys et al. 1990; White et al. 1990), EF1-728/EF2 (O’Donnell et al. 1998; Carbone et al. 1999) and BT2A/BT2B (Glass et al. 1995) belonged to the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor-1 (TEF1) and β-tubulin (TUB2) gene loci, respectively. The sequences of a representative strain (GUCC 524) had 99.38% (ITS: 483/486 bp, PP391347 vs KX985970), 99.79% (TEF1: 482/483 bp, PP400678 vs KY019427) and 99.73% (TUB2: 372/373 bp, PP400677 vs KY019497) identities with those of N. chinensis (strain LC 3085). The phylogenetic tree constructed by three gene combinations showed that GUCC 524 was significantly clustered with N. chinensis. Ten 6-month-old dragon fruit (“Zi honglong” cultivar) seedlings were engrafted with 10 μL conidial suspension (1×105 conidia/mL), packaged with sealed film, two of them were inoculated with sterile distilled water as controls, and placed in a greenhouse at 28℃ for 10 days, inoculated plants showed yellow spots analogous to field symptoms, no symptoms were found in control plants. This experiment was repeated three times. Morphological character and molecular identification based on 3 gene loci of the strains isolated from the inoculated stems, were consistent with those of the original isolated strains. Therefore, based on morphological identification, phylogenetic analysis and pathogenicity test, the pathogen was identified as N. chinensis. Our study firstly reported N. chinensis as a pathogen causing stem spot disease on dragon fruit. N. chinensis is an important agent resulting for economic losses, previously reported on Camellia sinensis (Wang et al. 2017), Saccharum officinarum (Raza et al. 2019), Aucuba japonica (Qin et al. 2021). This report establishes a pivotal reference point for the progression of scientific strategies in preventing and controlling this disease associated with N. chinensis.

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First Report of Nigrospora Species Causing Leaf Spot on Olive (Olea europaea L.)

Petrović,

Vrandečić,

Ćosić

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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Leaf spot symptoms were spotted in two olive orchards in Istria and in Kvarner Gulf, Croatia. Fungal species from three representative isolates (P13 LECIII, R18 BI, JA20 NP) have been morphologically characterized based on the colony and conidial characteristics. Several techniques were performed for inducing the sporulation of the JA20 NP isolate. Only PDA + banana medium was successful. PCR was conducted for ITS, TUB, and EF1α gene regions. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using internal transcribed spacer, beta-tubulin, and translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequence data. Three types of tests were conducted: a pathogenicity test on detached leaves, on detached and scratched leaves, and on olive seedlings. Ultimately, from the morphological characterizations, DNA sequence analysis of ITS, TUB, and EF1α gene regions, and phylogenetic analysis, these species were identified as Nigrospora gorlenkoana Novobr., Nigrospora osmanthi Mei Wang & L. Cai, and Nigrospora philosophiae-doctoris M. Raza, Qian Chen & L. Cai. This is the first report of Nigrospora species causing leaf spot on olive trees and the first report of Nigrospora philosophiae-doctoris as a plant pathogen. Fungal leaf diseases in conditions that are favorable for infection and disease development can lead to a decrease in the yield and olive oil quality. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research and the monitoring of fungal leaf diseases.

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First report of Camellia oleifera leaf blight caused by Nigrospora chinensis

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Research progress and management strategies of fungal diseases in Camellia oleifera

Research progress and management strategies of fungal diseases in Camellia oleifera

First Report of Nigrospora chinensis Causing Dragon Fruit (Selenicereus monacanthus) Stem Spot in China

First Report of Nigrospora Species Causing Leaf Spot on Olive (Olea europaea L.)

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