First Report of Brown Rot Caused by <i>Cryptococcus pseudolongus</i> on Fruiting Body of Shiitake (<i>Lentinula edodes</i>) in Korea

Kwon, Hyuk Woo; Yun, Yeo Hong; Kim, Seong Hwan; Ko, Han-Gyu

doi:10.1094/pdis-07-15-0834-pdn

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Stereomicroscopic and SEM image analyses on the tissues of the browning symptom developed by the inoculation tests provided evidence of the physical degradation and rupturing of mycelial tissues accompanying the browning symptom. These findings support the rotting ability of C. pseudolongus and complement its identity as the causal agent of the brown rot disease in shiitake [15]. Thus, we conclude that C. pseudolongus possesses the ability to cause discoloration and mycelial growth inhibition in shiitake mushrooms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Abnormal browning symptom in shiitake was only reported from the bacteria Ewingella americana in Japan [21,146] before the report of brown rot caused by the basidiomycete yeast Crytococcus pseudolongus 10 mm for fruit body and 1 mm for the stereo microscopic images. [15]. Inoculation test of this bacterial pathogen on fruit body, gill, and mycelium showed its ability to cause discoloration and mycelial growth inhibition in oyster mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Pleurotus eryngii.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The brown rot pathogen Cryptococcus pseudolongus DUCC 4104 [ 15 ] and three other Cryptococcus yeast species, C. albicosimilis (currently Naganishia albicosimilis CBS 7711), C. albidus (currently Naganishia albida CBS 142), C. humicola (currently Vanrija humicola CBS 571) were used in the present study. These Crytococcus strains were maintained on yeast malt agar (YMA) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Seoul, Korea) at 25 °C for 14 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, several green mold species of Trichoderma and Gliocladium genera associated with mushroom fly damaged shiitake during cultivation on oak logs in the domestic environment [ 12–14 ]. In a previous survey work of greenhouse diseases in shiitake mushroom, we found a new disease of brown rot caused by the basidiomycete yeast Cryptococcus pseudolongus [ 15 ]. Typical symptoms of the disease included dark discoloration and its incidence was nearly 20% on two mushroom farms where sawdust media was used for cultivation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathological Properties of Cryptococcus pseudolongus on the Mycelia and Fruit Body of Lentinula edodes

Kwon

Kim

2021

Mycobiology

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Recently, Cryptococcus pseudolongus has been reported as a new pathogen of shiitake (Lentinula edodes). However, its pathological properties are not much known. To further understand its impact on the mushroom, we investigated the pathogen's interactions with the mycelium of shiitake, histopathological properties, host range, and sensitivity to diverse antifungal agents. The strain C. pseudolongus DUCC 4014 inhibited the mycelial growth of L. edodes strain (cultivar Sanjo 701ho) and caused browning in the mycelia confronted with the yeast on PDA. Spray inoculation of the yeast caused an abnormal browning symptom on the cap and/or gills of three shiitake cultivars grown on sawdust media in vinyl bags. Scanning electron microscopic images of the abnormally browned parts of shiitake fruit body illustrated that mushroom tissues were loosed and dispersed in the middle and edge of the cap and the arrangement of basidiospores borne on basidia in the gills was disturbed compared to those of normal shiitake fruit body. Spray inoculation also led to developing abnormal browning on the harvested fruit body, indicating C. pseudolongus could be a problem during mushroom storage. But the yeast was not able to induce abnormal browning on mushrooms of Pleurotus ferulae, Pleurotus fostreatus, and Agaricus bisporus. But it induced browning only on button mushroom (A. bisporus) when they were inoculated after wounding. Tests with 16 kinds of fungicides revealed that the cell growth of C. pseudolongus could be inhibited by benzalkonium chloride at MIC 7 lg/ml and benomyl at MIC 3 lg/ml.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathological Properties of Cryptococcus pseudolongus on the Mycelia and Fruit Body of Lentinula edodes

Kwon

Kim

2021

Mycobiology

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“…Besides bacterial pathogens of F. velutipes and Pseudomonas spp. listed above, other bacteria such as Pantoea beijingensis, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Cryptococcus pseudolongus were also reported to be linked with soft rot disease of Pleurotus nebrodensis, stipe rot disease of Coprinus comatus, and brown rot disease of Lentinula edodes, respectively (Xu et al, 2014;Kwon et al, 2016;Ye et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Transcriptional Changes on Blight Fruiting Body of Flammulina velutipes Caused by Two New Bacterial Pathogens

Wang

Guo

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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A blight disease of Flammulina velutipes was identified with symptoms of growth cessation of young fruiting bodies, short stipe, and brown spots on the pileus. The pathogenic bacteria were identified as Arthrobacter arilaitensis and Pseudomonas yamanorum by Koch's postulate, gram staining, morphological and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analyses. Either of the pathogenic bacteria or both of them can cause the same symptoms. Transcriptome changes in blighted F. velutipes were investigated between diseased and normal samples. Compared to the control group, 1,099 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were overlapping in the bacteria-infected groups. The DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways such as xenobiotic metabolism by cytochrome P450 and tyrosine metabolism. Based on weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), the module most correlated to the pathogen-treated F. velutipes samples and candidate hub genes in the co-regulatory network were identified. Furthermore, a potential diseased mechanism involved in cell wall non-extension, phenolic substrate oxidation, and stress defense response was proposed based on the up-regulation of differentially expressed genes encoding chitin deacetylase, tyrosinase, cytochrome P450, MFS transporter, and clavaminate synthase-like protein. This study provides insights into the underlying reactions of young fruiting body of F. velutipes suffering from blight disease and facilitates the understanding of the pathogenic procedure of bacteriosis in edible mushrooms.

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Botrytis cinerea causing grey mould on Epimedium brevicornum Maxim in China

You

Guo

Qing-feng

et al. 2019

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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First Report of Brown Rot Caused by Cryptococcus pseudolongus on Fruiting Body of Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) in Korea

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Pathological Properties of Cryptococcus pseudolongus on the Mycelia and Fruit Body of Lentinula edodes

Pathological Properties of Cryptococcus pseudolongus on the Mycelia and Fruit Body of Lentinula edodes

Transcriptional Changes on Blight Fruiting Body of Flammulina velutipes Caused by Two New Bacterial Pathogens

Botrytis cinerea causing grey mould on Epimedium brevicornum Maxim in China

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