First Report of a Neotropical Agaric (Lepiota spiculata, Agaricales, Basidiomycota) Containing Lethal α-Amanitin at Toxicologically Relevant Levels

Abstract

A recent collection of Lepiota spiculata from the Dominican Republic is presented here. Macro-and micromorphological features of L. spiculata are described in detail, and its evolutionary (phylogenetic) position within Lepiota sect. Ovisporae, in the subincarnata/brunneoincarnata clade, is assessed on the basis of a combined nrLSU + nrITS + rpb2 + tef1 analysis. Additionally, high levels of deadly amatoxins were detected and quantified in L. spiculata for the first time by HPLC analysis; in particular, α-amanitin was found at concentrations up to approximately 4 mg/g dry weight, which render L. spiculata a potentially lethal mushroom, if ingested.

Morphology and multigene phylogeny reveal a new order and a new species of wood-inhabiting basidiomycete fungi (Agaricomycetes)

“…Key to 25 accepted species of Xenasmatella worldwide in Table 5 . Many wood-decaying fungi have been recently reported worldwide (Zhu et al, 2019 ; Angelini et al, 2020 ; Gafforov et al, 2020 ; Zhao and Zhao, 2021 ). According to the results of our study on Xenasmatella , all these fungi can be classified into a new taxon ( Figure 3 ).…”

The Phylogenetic Relationship Revealed Three New Wood-Inhabiting Fungal Species From Genus Trechispora

“…In the neotropical and subtropical region, the ectomycorrhizal basidiomes are found; however, the researches on the new taxa related to wood-decaying fungi of Trechispora from China are poorly reported. Further studies may focus on the relationships between the plants and species from Trechispora and try to better understand the evolutionary directions between soil-inhabiting and decayed wood fungi of Trechispora ; many fungal studies on phylogeny and application were from these areas, which will be useful to push future researches for the genus Trechispora ( Dai, 2011 ; Cui et al, 2019 ; Shen et al, 2019 ; Zhu et al, 2019 ; Richter et al, 2019 ; Angelini et al, 2020 ; Bao et al, 2020 ).…”

“…the plants and species from Trechispora and try to better understand the evolutionary directions between soil-inhabiting and decayed wood fungi of Trechispora; many fungal studies on phylogeny and application were from these areas, which will be useful to push future researches for the genus Trechispora (Dai, 2011;Cui et al, 2019;Shen et al, 2019;Zhu et al, 2019;Richter et al, 2019;Angelini et al, 2020;Bao et al, 2020).…”