First Report of a Multidrug-Resistant ST58 Escherichia coli Harboring Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase of the CTX-M-1 Class in a Fecal Sample of a Captive Baird's Tapir (Tapirus bairdii) in Costa Rica, Central America

Abstract

This study's main objective was to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from a fecal sample of a captive Baird's tapir (Tapirus bairdii) in Costa Rica. Materials and Methods: The fecal sample was collected inside the enclosure on March 3, 2017, right after the animal defecated. Samples were cultured on MacConkey agar plates nonsupplemented and supplemented with 2 mg/mL of cefotaxime. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility were performed with the Vitek 2 Compact System and the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction amplification was performed to detect bla CTX-M beta-lactamase genes. Resistant isolates were subjected to wholegenome sequencing (WGS). Results: After evaluating several antibiotic classes, a multidrug-resistant E. coli strain with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase phenotype was isolated. Resistance to cefotaxime, cefepime, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, and tetracycline was detected. WGS analysis showed the presence of bla CTX-M-1 , bla TEM-1B , and tet(B) genes. The presence of IncN plasmids and Col156 was also detected. Conclusion: Our findings are according with the notion that animals' high density enhances the spread of resistant determinants in a captive environment in a limited space, where the likelihood of direct or indirect contact with other animals and humans is more frequent.

American crocodiles (Crocodylus acutus: Reptilia: Crocodilidae) visiting the facilities of a freshwater aquaculture of the Northern Pacific region, Costa Rica, carry tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli

“…Following the current scientific opinion, Brisson et al (63) reported a higher probability of carrying antimicrobial-resistant E. coli for African herbivores kept in zoos than those of the same species sampled in natural parks. By non-cultural methods, apes in captivity showed more ARGs than their counterparts in wild environments (64). Such observations agree with previous observations in Costa Rica for the Central American tapir (Baird's tapir; Tapirus bairdii).…”

Genomic Evaluation of Multidrug-Resistant Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli from Irrigation Water and Fresh Produce in South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

“…55,56 Previously, E. coli ST58 harboring multiple antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes have been reported in store-bought fresh produce as well as from pork sausage in Germany, 57,58 similar to the results from the current study. Although limited information is available about the ST58 serotypes detected in the current 59 In foodproducing environments, E. coli is often used to indicate fecal contamination as it appears at low background levels in the environment but has high survival rates. 60 Furthermore, the WHO reported that ESBL-producing E. coli should be used as an indicator in monitoring programs to facilitate the establishment of integrated multisectoral antimicrobial resistance surveillance in One Health.…”

“…coli strains have caused human extraintestinal infections, including sepsis, and are reported as one of the main ESBL-producing E. coli circulating in the human–animal–environment . In food-producing environments, E.…”