First record of the genus Parasitorhabditis Fuchs, 1937 (Rhabditida, Nematoda) from Iran with notes on morphological and molecular characters of the Iranian population of P. obtusa (Fuchs, 1915) Chitwood & Chitwood, 1950 

Abstract

Parasitorhabditis obtusa is reported from Iran for the first time. The studied population is characterised with its morphological and molecular data. Morphological characters of the recovered population is in agreement with the currently available data of the species. In molecular phylogenetic studies using partial sequences of 28S rDNA D2/D3 fragment, the species formed a clade with two other isolates of the species with maximal Bayesian posterior probability (1.00) and maximum likelihood bootstrap values (100). The species was in association with bark samples of dead coniferous trees having galleries of bark beetles. It was also recovered from inside of the body of the Mediterranean pine beetle, Orthotomicus erosus, representing a new insect host for this nematode species.

A new isolate of Mesorhabditis monhystera (Bütschli, 1873) Dougherty, 1955 (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae): re-evaluated with molecular data and scanning electron microscopic observations

“…Also, the placement of the genus Parasitorhabditis and the species M. anisomorpha showed conflict where Parasitorhabditis diverged first and both M. anisomorpha and M. longispiculosa clustered together. The present analysis also differs from the phylogenetic inference made by Valizadeh et al (2017) in the placement of Parasitorhabditis close to Mesorhabditis, although it showed agreement in the placement of M. longispiculosa and M. anisomorpha. However, the placement of Cruznema also differed as it clustered with Pellioditis Dougherty, 1953 andRhabditella Cobb, 1929 (fig.…”

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Diplogasteroides sp., a Cryptic Population of the Haslacheri Group (Diplogastridae), and Parasitorhabditis terebranus (Rhabditidae) from Korea

“…This is echoed by Sudhaus and Fitch (2001) , who stated this as being the main diagnostic character of the genus, although plesiomorphic features of the genus include, among others, a peloderan bursa, supported by 10 pairs of bursal papillae, two of which are located precloacally, and with the grouping of papillae varying by species. However, the type species, P. obtusa ( Fuchs, 1915 ) Chitwood & Chitwood, 1950 has always been described with no exact number of bursal papillae, with ranges of 8 to 12 recorded in the available published literature (see Massey, 1974 ; Valizadeh et al, 2017 ). In the P. terebranus population described here, the third and fourth bursal rays appear too close and may give an impression of nine bursal rays in some specimens.…”

“…The newly obtained sequences (18S-rRNA, D2-D3 expansion segment of 28S-rRNA, ITS-rRNA and COI gene) of Diplogasteroides sp. and P. terebranus were aligned using ClustalX 1.83 ( Thompson et al, 1997 ) along with the corresponding comparison sequence data sets of other close species within the genera Diplogasteroides and Parasitorhabditis , and species of other closely related genera published in GenBank ( Kanzaki et al, 2013 , 2015 ; Valizadeh et al, 2017 ; Bhat et al, 2020 ; Girgan et al, 2021 ). Sequences from Rhabditoides inermiformis and Leptolaimus donsi were used as outgroup taxa for constructing the phylogenetic tree for the 18S-rRNA gene.…”

“…Xylophagous insects, mainly the longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), bark beetles from subfamily Scolytinae (family Curculionidae), and jewel beetles (Buprestidae) represent the most economically important agents of tree decline in pine ecosystems (Wood, 1982;Sauvard, 2007;Meshkova et al, 2018;Andreieva et al, 2020). For instance, the genus Monochamus (Cerambycidae) is best known for its fundamental role in the epidemiology of pine wilt disease (Mamiya, 1983).…”