First record of Hammerschmidtiella diesingi (Hammerschmidt, 1838) (Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) parasite of Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus, 1758) (Blattodea: Blattidae) in Japan, morphological and molecular characterization

Sriwati, Rina; Ozawa, Sota; Morffe, Jans; Hasegawa, Koichi

doi:10.1515/ap-2016-0101

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The family Thelastomatidae has also been isolated from many invertebrates; however, overwhelmingly, a large number of species has been found in Blattodea hosts [ 2 , 52 , 53 , 64 ]. From our field surveys and previous studies, the host specificity of nematodes belonging to the family Thelastomatidae appeared high [ 13 , 47 , 48 , 52 , 53 , 64 ]. Yet, the same nematode species have been isolated from different cockroach species [ 35 , 54 , 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiosis of the millipede parasitic nematodes Rhigonematoidea and Thelastomatoidea with evolutionary different origins

et al. 2021

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Background How various host–parasite combinations have been established is an important question in evolutionary biology. We have previously described two nematode species, Rhigonema naylae and Travassosinema claudiae, which are parasites of the xystodesmid millipede Parafontaria laminata in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Rhigonema naylae belongs to the superfamily Rhigonematoidea, which exclusively consists of parasites of millipedes. T. claudiae belongs to the superfamily Thelastomatoidea, which includes a wide variety of species that parasitize many invertebrates. These nematodes were isolated together with a high prevalence; however, the phylogenetic, evolutionary, and ecological relationships between these two parasitic nematodes and between hosts and parasites are not well known. Results We collected nine species (11 isolates) of xystodesmid millipedes from seven locations in Japan, and found that all species were co-infected with the parasitic nematodes Rhigonematoidea spp. and Thelastomatoidea spp. We found that the infection prevalence and population densities of Rhigonematoidea spp. were higher than those of Thelastomatoidea spp. However, the population densities of Rhigonematoidea spp. were not negatively affected by co-infection with Thelastomatoidea spp., suggesting that these parasites are not competitive. We also found a positive correlation between the prevalence of parasitic nematodes and host body size. In Rhigonematoidea spp., combinations of parasitic nematode groups and host genera seem to be fixed, suggesting the evolution of a more specialized interaction between Rhigonematoidea spp. and their host. On the other hand, host preference of Thelastomatoidea spp. was not specific to any millipede species, indicating a non-intimate interaction between these parasites and their hosts. Conclusions The two nematode superfamilies, Rhigonematoidea and Thelastomatoidea, have phylogenetically distinct origins, and might have acquired xystodesmid millipede parasitism independently. Currently, the two nematodes co-parasitize millipedes without any clear negative impact on each other or the host millipedes. Our study provides an example of balanced complex symbioses among parasitic nematodes and between parasitic nematodes and host millipedes, which have been established over a long evolutionary history.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiosis of the millipede parasitic nematodes Rhigonematoidea and Thelastomatoidea with evolutionary different origins

et al. 2021

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“…The family Thelastomatidae has also been isolated from many invertebrates, but overwhelmingly, a larger number of species were from the Blattodea host (Adamson & van Waerebeke, 1992;Ozawa et al, 2014Ozawa et al, , 2016Sriwati et al, 2016). From our eld surveys and previous reports, the host speci city of nematodes belonging to the family Thelastomatidae was seemingly high (Ozawa et al, 2014(Ozawa et al, , 2016Sriwati et al, 2016;Carreno 2017;Morffe et al, 2019ab). On the other hand, there are also reports that the same nematode species have been isolated from different cockroach species (Jex et al, 2006;Sinnott et al, 2015;.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Symbiosis of the Millipede Parasitic Nematodes Rhigonematoidea and Thelastomatoidea with Evolutionary Different Origins

Nagae

Sato

Tanabe

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundHow various host-parasite combinations have been established is an important question in evolutionary biology. We have previously described two nematode species, Rhigonema naylae and Travassosinema claudiae, which are parasites of the Xystodesmidae millipede Parafontaria laminata in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Rhigonematoidea belongs to the infraorder Rhigonematomorpha and is phylogenetically close to the Ascaridomorpha, which includes the roundworm parasite in animals. Thelastomatoidea spp. belong to the infraorder Oxyuridomorpha, which comprises a wide variety of parasites in many vertebrates and invertebrates. These nematodes were isolated together with high prevalence; however, the phylogenetic, evolutionary, and ecological relationships between these two parasitic nematodes and between host-parasites are not well known.ResultsWe collected nine species (11 isolates) of Xystodesmidae millipede from seven different locations in Japan and found that all species were co-infected with the parasitic nematodes Rhigonematoidea spp. and Thelastomatoidea spp. Rhigonematoidea spp. is exclusively a millipede parasite, and combinations of parasitic nematode groups and host genera seem to be fixed, supporting the hypothesis of their co-speciation. Intriguingly, Thelastomatoidea spp. were isolated, and the host-parasite relationship was not clarified, clearly indicating the broad host range of these nematode groups. Although the infection prevalence and population of Rhigonematoidea spp. were higher than those of Thelastomatoidea spp., these parasites were not competitive. The population of Rhigonematoidea spp. was not negatively affected by co-infection with Thelastomatoidea spp.ConclusionsPhylogenetic analysis supported our hypothesis that, during the evolution of parasitic nematode diversity in millipedes, the Rhigonematoidea spp. first established relationships with millipedes and were followed by the Thelastomatoidea spp.. The ancestor of the latter nematode might have moved from other host arthropods such as cockroaches.

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“…The family Thelastomatidae have been reported for more than forty Blattodea species (Adamson & van Waerebeke, ; Ozawa et al., , ; Sriwati, Ozawa, Morffe, & Hasegawa, ). We reported earlier for the first time that the smokybrown cockroach Periplaneta fuliginosa in Japan was infected with only one nematode species Leidynema appendiculatum with high prevalence (Ozawa et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad infectivity of Leidynema appendiculatum (Nematoda: Oxyurida: Thelastomatidae) parasite of the smokybrown cockroach Periplaneta fuliginosa (Blattodea: Blattidae)

Ozawa

Hasegawa

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Host specificity of parasites is important for the understanding of evolutionary strategies of parasitism that would be a basis of predictions of the disease expansion when parasitized hosts invade new environments. The nematode order Oxyurida is an interesting parasite group for studying the evolution of parasitism as it includes parasites of both invertebrates and vertebrates. In our survey, we found that the smokybrown cockroach Periplaneta fuliginosa was primarily infected with only one nematode species Leidynema appendiculatum. In two cases, L. appendiculatum was isolated from two additional cockroach species Pycnoscelus surinamensis, sold in Japan as a reptile food, and Blatta lateralis, captured in the field and cultured in the laboratory. Inoculation of L. appendiculatum into three additional cockroach species P. japonica, Blattella nipponica, and P. surinamensis also resulted in parasitism. Infection prevalence was high, and timing of postembryonic development from hatched nematode larva to mature adult in these hosts was identical with that in P. fuliginosa. While ecological interactions strongly determine the host range, such broad infectivity is still possible in this parasitic nematode.

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First record of Hammerschmidtiella diesingi (Hammerschmidt, 1838) (Oxyuridomorpha: Thelastomatidae) parasite of Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus, 1758) (Blattodea: Blattidae) in Japan, morphological and molecular characterization

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Symbiosis of the millipede parasitic nematodes Rhigonematoidea and Thelastomatoidea with evolutionary different origins

Symbiosis of the millipede parasitic nematodes Rhigonematoidea and Thelastomatoidea with evolutionary different origins

Symbiosis of the Millipede Parasitic Nematodes Rhigonematoidea and Thelastomatoidea with Evolutionary Different Origins

Broad infectivity of Leidynema appendiculatum (Nematoda: Oxyurida: Thelastomatidae) parasite of the smokybrown cockroach Periplaneta fuliginosa (Blattodea: Blattidae)

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