First record of a non-pollinating fig wasp (Hymenoptera: Sycophaginae) from Dominican amber, with estimation of the size of its host figs

Farache, Fernando Henrique Antoniolli; Rasplus, Jean‐Yves; Azar, Dany; Pereira, Rodrigo Augusto Santinelo; Compton, Stephen G.

doi:10.1080/00222933.2016.1193646

Cited by 476 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This is probably best explained by the recent diversification of this section. The presence of an Idarnes species in Dominican amber indicates that the Sycophaginae are associated with Ficus section Americanae for at least 15-20 Ma (Farache et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the constraints imposed by these plant traits, NPFWs may oviposit preferentially in a fig tree to which they are better adapted. Indeed, NPFW species exhibit variable ovipositor lengths and structures, which correlate both with trophic ecology and phenotypic characteristics of the figs, such as wall thickness (Elias et al, 2017;Farache et al, 2016;Ghara et al, 2011;Zhen et al, 2005). Thus, such morphological variation may be related to host specialization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into the structure of plant-insect communities: Specialism and generalism in a regional set of non-pollinating fig wasp communities

Farache¹,

Cruaud

Rasplus

et al. 2018

Acta Oecologica

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Insects show a multitude of symbiotic interactions that may vary in degree of specialization and structure. Gallinducing insects and their parasitoids are thought to be relatively specialized organisms, but despite their ecological importance, the organization and structure of the interactions they establish with their hosts has seldom been investigated in tropical communities. Non-pollinating fig wasps (NPFW) are particularly interesting organisms for the study of ecological networks because most species strictly develop their offspring within fig inflorescences, and show a multitude of life history strategies. They can be gall-makers, cleptoparasites or parasitoids of pollinating or of other non-pollinating fig wasps. Here we analysed a set of non-pollinating fig wasp communities associated with six species of Ficus section Americanae over a wide area. This allowed us to investigate patterns of specialization in a diverse community composed of monophagous and polyphagous species. We observed that most NPFW species were cleptoparasites and parasitoids, colonizing figs several days after oviposition by pollinators. Most species that occurred in more than one host were much more abundant in a single preferential host, suggesting specialization. The food web established between wasps and figs shows structural properties that are typical of specific antagonistic relationships, especially of endophagous insect networks. Two species that occurred in all available hosts were highly abundant in the network, suggesting that in some cases generalized species can be more competitive than strict specialists. The Neotropical and, to a lesser extent, Afrotropical NPFW communities seem to be more generalized than other NPFW communities. However, evidence of host sharing in the Old World is quite limited, since most studies have focused on particular taxonomic groups (genera) of wasps instead of sampling the whole NPFW community. Moreover, the lack of quantitative information in previous studies prevents us from detecting patterns of host preferences in polyphagous species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the structure of plant-insect communities: Specialism and generalism in a regional set of non-pollinating fig wasp communities

Farache¹,

Cruaud

Rasplus

et al. 2018

Acta Oecologica

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“…A putative member of Pteromalidae, Parviformosus wohlrabeae Barling, Heads & Martill, 2013, was described from limestone originating from the Crato formation, dated to the Aptian period, about 110 mya. Because of its age, it might be considered as one of the oldest known fossils of Chalcidoidea, but evidence for its placement is ambiguous because none of the diagnostic features of Chalcidoidea was preserved (Barling, Heads & Martill, 2013;Farache et al, 2016). It was placed within Pteromalidae only because of a putative habitus resemblance to Sycophaginae (now Agaonidae sensu Heraty et al, 2013).…”

Section: Manuscript To Be Reviewedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous chalcidoid fossils have been reported from different amber deposits (Grimaldi & Engel, 2005;Penney, 2010), but few of them have been formally described. Most described chalcidoids stem from young (Eocene and Miocene) deposits, which already host an astonishing phylogenetic diversity of taxa (Darling, 1996;Gibson, 2008Gibson, , 2009Gibson, , 2013Engel, 2009;Engel, McKellar & Huber, 2013;Heraty & Darling, 2009;Compton et al, 2010;Krogmann, 2013;Simutnik, Perkovsky & Gumovsky, 2014;Bläser, Krogmann & Peters, 2015;Burks et al, 2015;Farache et al, 2016). It is believed that most chalcidoid families diversified after the Upper Cretaceous (Heraty et al, 2013;Peters et al 2018) during a period that falls within a major gap in the chalcidoid fossil record, from which only few taxa have been described or even discovered (Burks et al 2015;Heraty & Darling, 2009;Penney, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #3 of "A new lineage of Cretaceous jewel wasps (Chalcidoidea: Diversinitidae) (v0.1)"

2018

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Jewel wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) are extremely species-rich today, but have a sparse fossil record from the Cretaceous, the period of their early diversification. Three genera and three species, Diversinitus attenboroughi gen. & sp. n., Burminata caputaeria gen. & sp. n. and Glabiala barbata gen. & sp. n. are described in the family Diversinitidae fam. n., from Lower Cretaceous Burmese amber. Placement in Chalcidoidea is supported by the presence of multiporous plate sensilla on the antennal flagellum and a laterally exposed prepectus. The new taxa can be excluded from all extant family level chalcidoid lineages by the presence of multiporous plate sensilla on the first flagellomere in both sexes and lack of any synapomorphies. Accordingly, a new family is proposed for the fossils and its probable phylogenetic position within Chalcidoidea is discussed. Morphological cladistic analyses of the new fossils within the Heraty et al. (2013) dataset did not resolve the phylogenetic placement of Diversinitidae, but indicated its monophyly. Phylogenetically relevant morphological characters of the new fossils are discussed with reference to Cretaceous and extant chalcidoid taxa. Along with mymarid fossils and a few species of uncertain phylogenetic placement, the newly described members of Diversinitidae are among the earliest known chalcidoids and advance our knowledge of their Cretaceous diversity.

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“…Barling et al (2013) already mentioned in their description that "Familial placement for P. wohlrabeae is extremely difficult due to the lack of three key taxonomic structures; the legs, wings and antennae." Moreover, Farache et al (2016) were also skeptical about the phylogenetic positioning of P. wohlrabeae and even questioned whether it should be placed in Chalcidoidea. Even Barling (2018) questioned the validity of the placement of P. wohlrabeae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redescription and phylogenetic placement of the Cretaceous wasp Parviformosus wohlrabeae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupomorpha)

Haas

Burks

Janšta

et al. 2020

Palaeontol Electron

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The Early Cretaceous fossil Parviformosus wohlrabeae Barling et al., 2013, has been described as the oldest known member of the chalcidoid family Pteromalidae. However, its phylogenetic placement has raised doubts, highlighting the necessity for a proper revision. A redescription as well as a re-interpretation of morphological characters is presented here and differences to the original description of Barling et al. (2013) are discussed. Phylogenetic placement of P. wohlrabeae is critically examined. We did not find any synapomorphies shared with Chalcidoidea nor any other superfamily and therefore place the fossil as Proctotrupomorpha incertae sedis. Despite its unclear phylogenetic position, P. wohlrabeae remains a significant fossil as it provides a very rare example of a member of Proctotrupomorpha from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil.

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First record of a non-pollinating fig wasp (Hymenoptera: Sycophaginae) from Dominican amber, with estimation of the size of its host figs

Cited by 476 publications

References 31 publications

Insights into the structure of plant-insect communities: Specialism and generalism in a regional set of non-pollinating fig wasp communities

Insights into the structure of plant-insect communities: Specialism and generalism in a regional set of non-pollinating fig wasp communities

Peer Review #3 of "A new lineage of Cretaceous jewel wasps (Chalcidoidea: Diversinitidae) (v0.1)"

Redescription and phylogenetic placement of the Cretaceous wasp Parviformosus wohlrabeae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupomorpha)

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