First production of Italian white truffle (Tuber magnatum Pico) ascocarps in an orchard outside its natural range distribution in France

Bach, Cyrille; Beacco, Pauline; Cammaletti, Pierre; Babel-Chen, Zhixiao; Levesque, Emilie; Todesco, Flora; Cotton, C. Laine; Robin, Bruno; Murat, Claude

doi:10.1007/s00572-020-01013-2

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In eighteenth century Germany, the possession of a “Truffelhund” was regarded almost as a badge of nobility; most of these German trufflehunds were poodle species [ 11 ]. Today in Italy, a special kind of dog called the Lagotto Romagnolo is used, but almost any breed can be trained to find truffles [ 38 ].…”

Section: Truffle Hunting and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, there is reason for optimism. A recent report used DNA analysis to trace the presence of T. magnatum in soil and demonstrated, for the first time, that white truffles could be cultivated outside of their native range [ 38 ]. However, truffle nurseries are famously fickle with respect to yields, often resulting in highly variable production of mature truffles.…”

Section: Truffle Hunting and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tour of Truffles: Aromas, Aphrodisiacs, Adaptogens, and More

Allen

Bennett

2021

Mycobiology

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Truffles are the fruiting bodies of ascomycete fungi that form underground. Truffles are globally valued, culturally celebrated as aphrodisiacs, and highly sought-after delicacies in the culinary world. For centuries, naturalists have speculated about their mode of formation, and in cultures surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, many species have been prized as a delectable food source. Truffle fruiting bodies form underground and emit a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Truffle volatiles are believed to have evolved to attract animals that disperse their spores. The main VOCs identified from truffles include sulfur compounds, such as dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS); in addition, 1-octen-3-ol and 2-methyl-1-propanol have been found in most truffle species. Humans use pigs and dogs trained to detect truffle VOCs in order to find these prized subterranean macrofungi. Truffles have pharmacological potential, but until more reliable cultivation methods become available their high price means they are unlikely to see widespread use as medicinals.

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Section: Truffle Hunting and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Truffle Hunting and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tour of Truffles: Aromas, Aphrodisiacs, Adaptogens, and More

Allen

Bennett

2021

Mycobiology

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“…It mainly grows forming a mutualistic symbiosis with tree roots of plant genera such as Quercus spp., Tilia spp., Populus spp., Corylus spp., and Salix spp., as well as shrubs such as Cornus sanguinea, Rosa canina, and Clematis vitalba . This Tuber species is mostly collected in natural conditions in Italian and East European environments and has so far resisted the charms of domestication (Balestrini and Mello, 2015 ), even if recently several attempts at cultivation has proven to be successful (Bach et al, 2021 ). T. magnatum grows in marble-calcareous soils of Miocene, Pleistocene, or Holocene at a depth of 10–30 cm, sometimes even up to 80 cm (Bragato and Marjanović, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Communities in the Fruiting Bodies and Background Soils of the White Truffle Tuber magnatum

et al. 2022

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Tuber magnatum Picco is a greatly appreciated truffle species mainly distributed in Italy. Its price and characteristics mostly depend on its geographical origin. Truffles represent a fundamental step of the life cycle of Tuber species promoting spore dissemination. They consist of two main parts, gleba, the inner part, and peridium, which is in direct contact with ground soil. Within the truffle and around in the growing soil, both the occurrence and abundance of different microbial species seem to play an essential role in truffle production. The development of the next-generation sequencing (NGS) based technology has greatly improved to deepen the role of the composition of microbial communities, thus improving the knowledge of the existing relationships between microbial taxa in a specific condition. Here, we applied a metabarcoding approach to assess the differences in T. magnatum samples collected from three areas in Tuscany (Italy). Peridium and gleba were analyzed separately with the aim to distinguish them based on their microbial composition. Also, soil samples were collected and analyzed to compare productive and unproductive truffle grounds to confirm the presence of specific patterns linked to truffle production. Results indicate that differences occurred between truffle compartments (gleba and peridium) as well as between analyzed soils (productive and unproductive), with distinctive taxa associated. Furthermore, findings also demonstrated specific characteristics associated with truffle collection areas, thus indicating a degree of microbial selection related to different environments.

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“…Tuber magnatum Picco cultivation has been difficult in contrast to the previously mentioned species, but recently a successful attempt at its cultivation in France, outside the natural range of this species, also demonstrates the feasibility of its cultivation [8]. T. brumale plantations may also be economically beneficial, but because it was considered as a contaminating fungus in T. melanosporum plantations, its cultivation is less developed [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unique and intense aroma of truffles make them one of the most expensive foods in the world [12]. Tuber magnatum is the most famous and valued truffle, with prices ranging from EUR 1000-1500 per kg due its particular and attractive aroma [8,13]. T. aestivum is the most common species across Europe but less appreciated, with prices from EUR 25-70 per kg in Spain [14] to EUR 200-600 per kg in Switzerland [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Truffle Market Evolution: An Application of the Delphi Method

Oliach

Vidale

Brenko

et al. 2021

Forests

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Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the current situation of the truffle sector in the main producing countries of the Mediterranean area. Additionally, we identified the challenges for the future and the priority actions to develop the truffle sector in the region. Methods: We used a Delphi process approach, and we selected a total of 17 expert panelists in different positions within the supply chain of the target countries (Spain, France, Italy, Croatia, and Greece). Results: The results obtained allowed us to have a complete description of the current truffle supply chain. We confirmed an evolution of the sector due to the cultivation success of several Tuber species. The maturity of the sector has produced shifts in the roles that form the traditional truffle supply chain operators. We confirmed the trend of a decrease of collectors that hunt truffles in the wild and sell to small travelling buyers, whilst truffle hunters that collect for farmers and specialty wholesalers are emerging. However, a trend of truffle price decrease in the last few years has alerted the sector. Conclusions: As production increases due to truffle cultivation, it will be necessary to promote truffle consumption. We identified actions to develop the truffle sector: (a) strengthen the link between truffles, tourism, and gastronomy; (b) increase the effort at European level for the recognition of truffle production, helping to develop truffle culture and marketing; (c) increase the awareness and consumption of truffles among consumers; and (d) develop tourism workshops for truffle farmers.

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First production of Italian white truffle (Tuber magnatum Pico) ascocarps in an orchard outside its natural range distribution in France

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

Tour of Truffles: Aromas, Aphrodisiacs, Adaptogens, and More

Tour of Truffles: Aromas, Aphrodisiacs, Adaptogens, and More

Bacterial Communities in the Fruiting Bodies and Background Soils of the White Truffle Tuber magnatum

Truffle Market Evolution: An Application of the Delphi Method

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