Recent
studies of highly compressed organic molecules reveal the
synthesis of one-dimensional (1D) nanothread structures, typically
formed through addition reactions of unsaturated bonds. Although these
nanostructures have been demonstrated from molecules such as benzene,
pyridine, and thiophene, it remains unclear whether functionalized
nanothreads can be produced from precursors with different substituent
groups under high-pressure conditions. Here, we examine the controlled
pressure-induced polymerization of several para-disubstituted
benzene molecular crystals and cocrystals with different functional
groups including dinitrobenzene, diethynylbenzene, and dicyanobenzene.
X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy provide evidence for the
formation of ordered nanostructures that maintain their topological
relationship with the starting molecular phase and preserve initial
functionality. Although no clear correlation between specific functional
groups and polymerization pressure was observed, the proximity toward
sandwich-type π-stacking within the starting molecular crystals
influences reaction pathway selectivity and the formation of new saturated
bonds under normal compression conditions. We propose a simple correlation
related to π-stacking, wherein the stacking distance between
parallel planes of monomers and the slippage angle between π-stacks
are important aspects that influence polymerization pathway selectivity
and the formation of ordered products under normal compression at
room temperature. Functionalized nanothread structures are possible
through careful precursor selection, and an improved understanding
of π-stacking polymerization may lead to the realization of
well-defined organic nanostructures with designed functionality.