First-principles study on stability and electronic properties of W(001), W(110) and W(111) surfaces

Lin

Macromolecular Bioscience

et al. 2011

Star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) amphiphilic copolymer with a tetrakis-(4-aminophenyl)-terminated porphyrin core was synthesized. Paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded polymeric micelles were prepared by the self-assembly of the star copolymer and in situ encapsulation of PTX. The fluorescent characteristic of the porphyrin moiety allowed the cellular uptake and biodistribution of the PTX-loaded micelles to be monitored by fluorescent imaging. The PTX-loaded micelles can be readily internalized by cancer cells and have a slightly higher cytotoxicity than clinic PTX injection Taxol. In vivo real-time fluorescent imaging revealed that the micelles could accumulate at tumor site via the blood circulation in tumor-bearing mice. In vivo antitumor efficacy examinations indicated that the PTX-loaded micelles had significantly superior efficacy in impeding tumor growth than Taxol and low toxicity to the living mice.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Micelles Based on Star Amphiphilic Copolymer with a Porphyrin Core for Bioimaging and Drug Delivery

Lin

Macromolecular Bioscience

et al. 2011

“…Importantly the base plate of the cover scale is at but that of the ground scale is irregularly curvy. Finally, they have different optical functionalities; the ground scales are responsible for broadening observable directions and providing the main blue color of buttery wings, 24,25 and the cover scales give the blue color to the wing through their wavelength-selective mechanism and anisotropic light-diffusing character. 17 Functioning as an anisotropic optical diffuser, the cover scale can diffuse light merely on one plane and has a narrow reection range on the orthogonal plane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, ceramic buttery wings made from a whole buttery wing show no anisotropic optical properties, 16,[26][27][28] although the anisotropic optical properties of the biological buttery wings were demonstrated experimentally 29 and theoretically. 24 Thus, it is imperative to develop a method that can control the contraction during the removal of the pristine templates. Therefore, it is necessary to attach SWSs onto a at substrate surface evenly and tightly before the removal of the natural template in order to keep the periodicity of the scales unchanged in one direction (determined by main ridges) and minimize the contractions within certain directions.…”

Section: Structure Of the Cover Scale Of Morpho Didiusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral selectivity of 3D magnetophotonic crystal film fabricated from single butterfly wing scales

et al. 2014

3D magnetophotonic crystal (3D-MPC) film is an excellent platform for tailoring the magneto-optical response of magnetic materials. However, its fabrication is a great challenge due to the limitation of commonly used artificial synthesis methods. Inspired by the unique structures of biospecies, we hereby manipulate the pristine single wing scales of Morpho didius precisely and successfully fabricate Fe3O4 films with photonic structure. The synthesis strategy involves the fabrication of Fe2O3 film from a single wing scale using an improved sol-gel method followed by a subsequent reduction. The intrinsic hierarchical photonic structures as well as the anisotropic optical properties of the pristine butterfly wing scale have been retained in the obtained Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 films. When investigated under an external magnetic field, a spectral blue shift about 43 nm is observed in the designated orientation of the Fe3O4 film, which is useful for the design and creation of novel magnetic-optical modulator devices. Furthermore, these single scales can be used as building blocks to fabricate designable and more complicated assembled nano systems. This biomimetic technique combined with the variety of structures of butterfly wing scales provides an effective approach to produce magneto-photonic films with desired structure, paving a new way for theoretical research and practical applications.

“…[ 33,34 ] In the simulation, we used the geometry parameters obtained through SEM and TEM characterization. The simulation of the optical properties was based on three different structural changes induced by the subtractive modifi cation process: the reduction in the thickness of the lamella layers, the reduction in the width of the lamella layers, and the gradually removal of the top lamella layers.…”

Section: Optical Properties Of the Subtractively Modifi Ed Butterfl Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtractive Structural Modification ofMorphoButterfly Wings

Shen

et al. 2015

Small

Different from studies of butterfly wings through additive modification, this work for the first time studies the property change of butterfly wings through subtractive modification using oxygen plasma etching. The controlled modification of butterfly wings through such subtractive process results in gradual change of the optical properties, and helps the further understanding of structural optimization through natural evolution. The brilliant color of Morpho butterfly wings is originated from the hierarchical nanostructure on the wing scales. Such nanoarchitecture has attracted a lot of research effort, including the study of its optical properties, its potential use in sensing and infrared imaging, and also the use of such structure as template for the fabrication of high-performance photocatalytic materials. The controlled subtractive processes provide a new path to modify such nanoarchitecture and its optical property. Distinct from previous studies on the optical property of the Morpho wing structure, this study provides additional experimental evidence for the origination of the optical property of the natural butterfly wing scales. The study also offers a facile approach to generate new 3D nanostructures using butterfly wings as the templates and may lead to simpler structure models for large-scale man-made structures than those offered by original butterfly wings.