The
electrochemical conversion of N2/CO2 into
ammonia and fuel is crucial for realizing a carbon-neutral cycle,
and the key to achieving highly efficient and long-term stable catalysts
lies in the modulation of the electronic structures of active sites.
Herein, by performing first-principles calculations, a novel heterostructure
construction approach is proposed based on two-dimensional h-WO3/ZrGe2P4 hetero-bilayers as an effective
bifunctional catalyst for N2 and CO2 reduction.
Tensile and compressive strains are applied along the horizontal plane,
thereby modulating the electronic-filled properties of reaction sites,
enhancing catalytic performance. Additionally, driven by the work
function differences between the two layers, electrons can spontaneously
transfer from the ZrGe2P4 to the h-WO3 layer, facilitating reduction reactions. Notably, the catalytic
activity can be further enhanced by the synergistic modulation of
the 2D h-WO3 thickness and the added strains. The single-layer
h-WO3/ZrGe2P4 under the −3%
compressive strain presents the lowest limiting potentials for N2 and CO2 reduction reactions of −0.12 and
−0.47 V, respectively. Moreover, the d-band center of the W
active site shifts to lower energy levels under compressive strains,
signifying superior catalytic performance. Foreseeably, these findings
provide a pioneering design strategy for developing novel bifunctional
electrocatalysts for N2 and CO2 reduction.