The structural, elastic, Vickers hardness, anisotropy and thermodynamic properties of M 2 B 10 H 10 (M = Li, Na and K) are systematically investigated using the pseudopotentials plane waves methods within the general gradient approximation in the framework of density functional theory. The calculated lattice parameters of Li 2 B 10 H 10 are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The lattice parameters of hexagonal structure Na 2 B 10 H 10 and K 2 B 10 H 10 are predicted. The elastic constants of M 2 B 10 H 10 reveal that they are mechanically stable. The polycrystalline modulus including the bulk and shear modulus, the Young's modulus, Poisson ratio, B/G, Vickers hardness and Debye temperature are also calculated. According to the obtained results, Li 2 B 10 H 10 is brittle material, while Na 2 B 10 H 10 and K 2 B 10 H 10 are ductile material and all of them can be classifieds as "soft material". The anisotropy factors demonstrate that M 2 B 10 H 10 exhibit large anisotropy, and all of them have more elastic anisotropy in compression than in shear. Finally, the Debye temperature, minimum thermal conductivity and melting point of M 2 B 10 H 10 are also predicted, the results shows that the Li 2 B 10 H 10 is more suitable for solid electrolyte than Na 2 B 10 H 10 and K 2 B 10 H 10 .