First palynological results of accessorial elements from the Langhian Schaßbach clay pit, Lavanttal Basin (Austria) – LM and SEM investigations of Cornales and Ericales

Hofmann, Christa-Charlotte; Lichtenwagner, Sophie

doi:10.1080/00173134.2019.1641550

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The fossil pollen were recovered from sediments samples covering the Palaeocene-Eocene-Thermal Maximum from England, the Middle-Miocene-Thermal Maximum from Austia and Germany [22,23,31] using the classical method of treating the sediments with HF and HCL with following acetolysis [e.g., 32,33], the remaining extract is mixed with glycerol and smeared onto a glass slide. The manipulation, photography and SEM investigation of fossil pollen followed the same procedures as for the extant pollen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite of the endemic distribution of Rehderodendron today in China, Vietnam and Myanmar, and that fossil Rehderodendron diaspores have been recorded only from Europe since the lower Eocene up to the Pliocene [3,18,26,27,28,29] fossil pollen of Rehderodendron, with few exceptions, are pretty unknown from the literature [e.g. 23,30]. Therefore we present new LM, SEM images and descriptions of pollen of six extant species of Rehderodendron (R. kweichowense, R. kwangtungense, R. macrocarpum, R. microcarpum, R. truongsonense and R. indochinense) and compare them with LM and SEM images of three fossil Rehderodendron pollen from lower Eocene and middle Miocene strata of England, Austria and Germany.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unravelling the palaeo-biogeographical history of the living fossil genus Rehderodendron (Styracaceae) – an Asian relic element of the Eurasian Cenozoic flora

Hofmann

Zhao

2022

Preprint

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Background The relic genus Rehderodendron (Styracaceae), which species are restricted to mostly warm to tropical climate (C and A climate of Koeppen-Geiger) in East Asia today, was present as fossil fruits and pollen in Europe during warmer periods from lower Eocene to Pliocene times. To understand which extant species are closest related to the fossils, pollen and fruit morphology of six extant species and fossils of Rehderodendron are compared. Results Both, fossil pollen and fruits resemble a morphological mixture of four extant species R. kwantungense, R. macrocarpum, R. microcarpum, and R. indochinense, thus implying that these four extant and the fossil European taxa represent an old Eurasian lineage, whilst the pollen and fruit morphology of the extant R. kweichowense and R. truongsoense differ considerably from the fossils and other extant species investigated, and are considered to have evolved independently. Conclusions The palaeo-biogeographical history of Rehderodendron reveals that its fossil members of the European lineage were most prominent during climate optimums such as the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Early Eocene Climate Optimum and Middle Miocene Thermal Maximum. However, when during the Pliocene the climate changed to colder and less humid conditions, the genus went extinct in Europe, but migrated eastwards, most likely in two dispersal events, probably along the Tethys, prior to extinction. One of the former most westerly stepping stones is presented by the refugial occurrence of R. microcarpum in the southeastern Himalayas whereas the more to the east distributed taxa are R. macrocarpum and R. kwantungense, might have migrated eastwards already before the Miocene

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the palaeo-biogeographical history of the living fossil genus Rehderodendron (Styracaceae) – an Asian relic element of the Eurasian Cenozoic flora

Hofmann

Zhao

2022

Preprint

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SEM pollen analysis of Miocene deposits of Entrischenbrunn (Bavaria, Germany) reveal considerable amounts of pollen of subhumid and sclerophyllous together with azonal water plants reflecting the vegetation mosaic of a braided river system

Hofmann

Sachse²

2023

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

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Unravelling the palaeobiogeographical history of the living fossil genus Rehderodendron (Styracaceae) with fossil and extant pollen and fruit data

Hofmann

Zhao

2022

BMC Ecol Evo

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Background The relict genus Rehderodendron (Styracaceae), the species of which are restricted to mostly warm temperate to tropical climate in East Asia today, is known from fossil fruits and pollen in Europe during warmer periods from the lower Eocene to Pliocene. To infer which extant species are most closely related to the fossils, new data of pollen and fruit morphologiesy of six extant species, and additional new data of fossil pollen and previously described fossil fruits of Rehderodendron, are compared. Results Both fossil pollen and fruits resemble a morphological mixture of the extant species R.indochinense,R.kwantungense,R.macrocarpum, and R.microcarpum, thus implying that these extant taxa and the fossil European taxa represent an old Eurasian lineage, whereas the pollen and fruit morphology of the extant R.kweichowense and R.truongsonense differ considerably from the fossils and other extant species investigated, and are considered to have evolved independently. Conclusions The palaeobiogeographical history of Rehderodendron reveals that its fossil members of the European lineage were most prominent during climatic optima such as the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), Early Eocene Climate Optimum (EECO) and Middle Miocene Thermal Maximum (MMTM). However, when during the Pliocene the climate changed to colder and less humid conditions, the genus went extinct in Europe but migrated eastwards, most likely in two dispersal events along the Tethys Sea prior to extinction. One of the former most westerly stepping stones is suggested by the refugial occurrence of R.microcarpum in the southeastern Himalaya, whereas R.macrocarpum and R.kwangtungense, the taxa distributed more to the east, might have migrated eastwards already before the Miocene.

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First palynological results of accessorial elements from the Langhian Schaßbach clay pit, Lavanttal Basin (Austria) – LM and SEM investigations of Cornales and Ericales

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Unravelling the palaeo-biogeographical history of the living fossil genus Rehderodendron (Styracaceae) – an Asian relic element of the Eurasian Cenozoic flora

Unravelling the palaeo-biogeographical history of the living fossil genus Rehderodendron (Styracaceae) – an Asian relic element of the Eurasian Cenozoic flora

SEM pollen analysis of Miocene deposits of Entrischenbrunn (Bavaria, Germany) reveal considerable amounts of pollen of subhumid and sclerophyllous together with azonal water plants reflecting the vegetation mosaic of a braided river system

Unravelling the palaeobiogeographical history of the living fossil genus Rehderodendron (Styracaceae) with fossil and extant pollen and fruit data

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