First Outcome of MDR-TB among Co-Infected HIV/TB Patients from South-West Iran

Motamedifar, Mohammad; Ebrahim‐Saraie, Hadi Sedigh; Abadi, Ashraf H.; Moghadam, Mahboube Nakhzari

doi:10.4046/trd.2015.78.3.253

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the present study, we found a remarkable rate of MDR isolates. Previously, in accordance with our findings, several reports showed the increasing prevalence of MDR strains in Iranian hospitals (11,(39)(40)(41)(42).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Six Threatening Pathogens at Mofid Children’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran

Armin

Fallah

Hoseini‐Alfatemi

2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: The treatment of bacterial infections is increasingly complicated due to the ability of bacteria to develop resistance to antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study was to survey the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of several pathogens isolated from in-and outpatients at Mofid children's hospital. Methods: From October 2015 to April 2016, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus spp. detected from clinical (urine and non-urine) specimens of inpatient and outpatient were survived. Sensitivity was measured by disc diffusion method based on the CLSI recommendation. Results: Totally, E. coli (62.7%) and P. aeruginosa (42.3%) were the predominantly isolated pathogens in this study from urine culture and non-urine culture, respectively. All cultured staphylococcal isolates were susceptible to vancomycin. The most effective antibiotics for Gram-negative bacteria were meropenem, amikacin, and imipenem, in sequence. None of the Gram-negative bacteria was sensitive to tetracycline. Conclusions: Our findings showed that there was a considerable geographic variation in bacterial patterns and antibiotic susceptibility properties. Therefore, monitoring of antibiotic sensitivity pattern is helpful for selecting antibiotics for empiric therapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Six Threatening Pathogens at Mofid Children’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran

Armin

Fallah

Hoseini‐Alfatemi

2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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“…Some studies looking at activation of disease have found an association between TB and CD4 counts below 200 cells/mm 3 [81,82], whilst others suggest a significantly increased risk below 350 cells/mm 3 , with risk rapidly increasing as CD4 count decreases [16]. Therefore, differing rates of active disease co-infection between settings may in part be explained by the stage of AIDS in HIV-positive prisoners.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prisoners co‐infected with tuberculosis and HIV: a systematic review

Edge

King

Dolan

et al. 2016

Journal of the International AIDS Society

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IntroductionAlmost from the beginning of the HIV epidemic in 1981, an association with tuberculosis (TB) was recognized. This association between HIV and TB co-infection has been particularly evident amongst prisoners. However, despite this, few studies of TB in prisons have stratified results by HIV status. Given the high prevalence of HIV-positive persons and TB-infected persons in prisons and the documented risk of TB in those infected with HIV, it is of interest to determine how co-infection varies amongst prison populations worldwide. For this reason we have undertaken a systematic review of studies of co-infected prisoners to determine the incidence and/or prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection in prisons, as well as outcomes in this group, measured as treatment success or death.MethodsA literature search was undertaken using the online databases PubMed, Embase, IBSS, Scopus, Web of Science, Global Health and CINAHL Plus. No restrictions were set on language or publication date for article retrieval, with articles included if indexed up to 18 October 2015. A total of 1975 non-duplicate papers were identified. For treatment and outcome data all eligible papers were appraised for inclusion; for incidence/prevalence estimates papers published prior to 2000 were excluded from full text review. After full text appraisal, 46 papers were selected for inclusion in the review, 41 for incidence/prevalence estimates and nine for outcomes data, with four papers providing evidence for both outcomes and prevalence/incidence.ResultsVery few studies estimated the incidence of TB in HIV positive prisoners, with most simply reporting prevalence of co-infection. Co-infection is rarely explicitly measured, with studies simply reporting HIV status in prisoners with TB, or a cross-sectional survey of TB prevalence amongst prisoners with HIV. Estimates of co-infection prevalence ranged from 2.4 to 73.1% and relative risks for one, given the other, ranged from 2.0 to 10.75, although some studies reported no significant association between HIV and TB. Few studies provided a comparison with the risk of co-infection in the general population.ConclusionsPrisoners infected with HIV are at high risk of developing TB. However, the magnitude of risk varies between different prisons and countries. There is little evidence on treatment outcomes in co-infected prisoners, and the existing evidence is conflicting in regards to HIV status influence on prisoner treatment outcomes.PROSPERO Number: CRD42016034068

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“…Bacterial infections are the main etiology of NIs which consist a wide range of Gram‐positive and –negative bacteria . The recent emergence of multi‐drug resistant (MDR) bacteria has become a serious problem in clinical settings associated with higher rate of morbidity and mortality …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of nanochelating based silver nanoparticles against several nosocomial pathogens

Hoseini‐Alfatemi

Karimi

Armin

et al. 2018

Applied Organom Chemis

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The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and dynamic pattern of infectious diseases demand to develop alternative and more effective therapeutic strategies. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most widely commercialized engineered nanomaterials, because of their unique properties and increasing use for various applications in nanomedicine. This study for the first time aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of newly synthesized nanochelating based AgNPs against several Gram-positive and -negative nosocomial pathogens. Nanochelating technology was used to design and synthesize the AgNPs. The cytotoxicity was tested in human cell line using the MTT assay. AgNPs minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by standard broth microdilution. Antibiofilm activity was assayed by a microtiter-plate screening method. The two synthesized AgNPs including AgNPs (A) with the size of about 20-25 nm, and AgNPs (B) with 30-35 nm were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AgNPs exhibited higher antibacterial activity against Grampositive strains. AgNPs were found to significantly inhibit the biofilm formation of tested strains in concentration 0.01 to 10 mg/mL. AgNPs (A) showed significant effective antibiofilm activity compared to AgNPs (B).In summary, our results showed the promising antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of our new nanochelating based synthesized AgNPs against several nosocomial pathogens.

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First Outcome of MDR-TB among Co-Infected HIV/TB Patients from South-West Iran

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Six Threatening Pathogens at Mofid Children’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Six Threatening Pathogens at Mofid Children’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran

Prisoners co‐infected with tuberculosis and HIV: a systematic review

Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of nanochelating based silver nanoparticles against several nosocomial pathogens

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