“…Four of the 8 currently recognized species (Last et al ., 2016) inhabit the Pacific Ocean: the Pacific torpedo, Tetronarce californica (Ayres, 1855) found on both sides of the Temperate North Pacific Ocean, the longtail torpedo, Tetronarce tokionis (Tanaka, 1908) and the Taiwanese torpedo, Tetronarce formosa (Haas & Ebert, 2006) in the Western Pacific Ocean, and the Chilean torpedo, Tetronarce tremens (de Buen, 1959) in the South-eastern Pacific Ocean and part of the Tropical Eastern Pacific (Chile to Costa Rica). Species of Tetronarce are demersal and pelagic along the outer continental and insular shelves (Ebert et al ., 2015), with seasonal use of coastal waters (Dunton et al ., 2021). Torpedo rays feed on bony fishes and small sharks (Parin & Kotlyar, 1985; Ebert et al ., 2015).…”