First molecular detection and identification of Trypanosoma evansi in goats from Cebu, Philippines using a PCR-based assay

Elata, Afraa; Galon, Eloiza May; Moumouni, Paul Franck Adjou; Ybañez, Rochelle Haidee D.; Mossaad, Ehab; Salces, Caro B.; Bajenting, Guindolino P.; Ybañez, Adrian P.; Xu, Xuan; Inoue, Noboru; Suganuma, Keisuke

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100414

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In contrast, T. evansi has long been known to be an important veterinary infection and of all the pathogenic Trypanosoma spp. has the widest geographical distribution, from Africa to South America, Asia, Indonesia and the Philippines [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Transporters Rather than Drug Targets Are the Principal Determinants of the Different Innate Sensitivities of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanozoon Subgenus Trypanosomes to Diamidines and Melaminophenyl Arsenicals

Ungogo

Campagnaro

Al-Ghamdi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The animal trypanosomiases are infections in a wide range of (domesticated) animals with any species of African trypanosome, such as Trypanosoma brucei, T. evansi, T. congolense, T. equiperdum and T. vivax. Symptoms differ between host and infective species and stage of infection and are treated with a small set of decades-old trypanocides. A complication is that not all trypanosome species are equally sensitive to all drugs and the reasons are at best partially understood. Here, we investigate whether drug transporters, mostly identified in T. b. brucei, determine the different drug sensitivities. We report that homologues of the aminopurine transporter TbAT1 and the aquaporin TbAQP2 are absent in T. congolense, while their introduction greatly sensitises this species to diamidine (pentamidine, diminazene) and melaminophenyl (melarsomine) drugs. Accumulation of these drugs in the transgenic lines was much more rapid. T. congolense is also inherently less sensitive to suramin than T. brucei, despite accumulating it faster. Expression of a proposed suramin transporter, located in T. brucei lysosomes, in T. congolense, did not alter its suramin sensitivity. We conclude that for several of the most important classes of trypanocides the presence of specific transporters, rather than drug targets, is the determining factor of drug efficacy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Transporters Rather than Drug Targets Are the Principal Determinants of the Different Innate Sensitivities of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanozoon Subgenus Trypanosomes to Diamidines and Melaminophenyl Arsenicals

Ungogo

Campagnaro

Al-Ghamdi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…nesses hospedeiros (Jaimes-Dueñez et al, 2017;Nguyen et al, 2021). No entanto, é essencial reconhecer as limitações da PCR na identificação precisa da espécie, sublinhando a importância de técnicas complementares para confirmação, como sequenciamento de DNA (Villena et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Infecção natural por Trypanosoma evansi em cão no estado de Rondônia, Brasil: relato de caso

Oliveira,

Anadão,

Souza

et al. 2024

Cad. Pedagógico

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As tripanossomíases são um conjunto de doenças causadas por protozoários do gênero Trypanosoma. Entre elas, temos a surra ou mal-das-cadeiras, cujo agente etiológico é o Trypanosoma evansi, importante patógeno transmitido por moscas hematófagas, como tabanídeos e moscas do gênero Stomoxys. Além dos equinos, o T. evansi pode infectar e causar patologia importante em cães. Entretanto, há poucos relatos sobre epidemiologia, diagnóstico, patologia e terapêutica em cães no Brasil, a escassez de dados é ainda maior quando se trata de casos nos estados da Amazônia legal, como Rondônia. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o primeiro caso de infecção natural por T. evansi em cão no município de Ariquemes, Rondônia, Brasil. Para tal, foram realizados exame físico do paciente e laboratoriais. Foi feito hemograma, análise parasitológica de esfregaços sanguíneos e PCR (polymerase chain reaction). A análise por microscopia de luz mostrou a presença de flagelados do gênero Trypanosoma com ausência do cinetoplasto, características das formas tripomastigotas sanguíneas de T. evansi encontradas na América do Sul. O diagnóstico para tripanossoma foi confirmado por PCR convencional. No exame físico, observou-se mucosas hiperêmicas, hipetermia, desidratação, taquicardia, dor a palpação abdominal, pelagem opaca e ptose bilateral. O hemograma evidenciou moderada anemia regenerativa, microcítica, normocrômica, além de leucopenia, linfopenia e trombocitopenia. O tratamento do paciente foi realizado, no entanto, devido à falha de execução pelo proprietário, o paciente veio à óbito. Este trabalho vem mostrar a necessidade de uma pesquisa epidemiológica criteriosa sobre T. evansi no estado de Rondônia, realizando a busca por possíveis vetores e hospedeiros vertebrados domésticos e selvagens com auxílio de ferramentas moleculares, como PCR e sequenciamento de DNA, sendo estas, indispensáveis para uma caracteriazação precisa da espécie do parasito e das cepas circulantes na região.

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“…Trypanosomiasis is a diverse and deadly disease that affects both humans and animals [ 1 ]. In humans, it is known as “sleeping sickness,” while in domestic animals, it is called “samore” or “nagana” [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These flies are found in the tropical region of Africa, where they invest 11 million square kilometers and are distributed across 36 sub-Saharan countries [ 3 ]. Approximately 8.6 million cattle and more than 2.6 million people are at risk of infection [ 1 ], making the disease a priority tropical disease due to its high number of deaths and economic losses [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Screening, GC-MS Analysis, and Evaluating In Vivo Antitrypanosomal Effects of a Methanolic Extract of Garcinia kola Nuts on Rats

2023

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Trypanosomiasis is a serious disease that affects both humans and animals, causing social and economic losses. Efforts to find new therapeutic approaches are warranted to improve treatment options. Therefore, the purpose of this communication includes the phytochemical screening of a methanolic extract of Garcinia kola nuts and the in vivo evaluation of its biological activity against rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and treated with 4 different concentrations of the extract (0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg). Treatment with suramin served as a positive control, while the negative control received no drug. Since the general toxicity of the extract could be ruled out, efficacy was evaluated based on physiological changes, such as induction of trypanosome parasitemia, influence on body temperature, and body weight. Survival was assessed during this study. Physical parameters, behavioral characteristics, and various hematological indices were also monitored. Based on the (patho)physiological and behavioral parameters (e.g., no parasitemia, no increase in body temperature, an increase in body weight, no loss of condition, no alopecia, and no gangrene), the efficacy of the extract was evident, which was also confirmed by 100% survival, while in the negative control, all rats died during the observation period. Since overall very similar results were obtained as a result of treatment with the established suramin, the in vivo antitrypanosomal activity of a methanolic extract of G. kola nuts on rats can be demonstrated in this communication. This opens the way, for example, for further development of drug formulations based on this methanolic extract.

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First molecular detection and identification of Trypanosoma evansi in goats from Cebu, Philippines using a PCR-based assay

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Differences in Transporters Rather than Drug Targets Are the Principal Determinants of the Different Innate Sensitivities of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanozoon Subgenus Trypanosomes to Diamidines and Melaminophenyl Arsenicals

Differences in Transporters Rather than Drug Targets Are the Principal Determinants of the Different Innate Sensitivities of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanozoon Subgenus Trypanosomes to Diamidines and Melaminophenyl Arsenicals

Infecção natural por Trypanosoma evansi em cão no estado de Rondônia, Brasil: relato de caso

Phytochemical Screening, GC-MS Analysis, and Evaluating In Vivo Antitrypanosomal Effects of a Methanolic Extract of Garcinia kola Nuts on Rats

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